A client with suspected meningitis presents with fever, headache, stiff neck, and photophobia. Which statement by the nurse is appropriate for this situation?
"Based on your symptoms, it is likely that you have viral meningitis.”
"Your symptoms indicate that you might be suffering from bacterial meningitis.”
"I think you might have fungal meningitis due to your chronic symptoms.”
"It is possible that you have parasitic meningitis, given your exposure to contaminated water.”
"Your symptoms suggest that you have meningococcal septicemia.”
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
This statement is not appropriate because it assumes a specific diagnosis without further assessment or confirmation. Meningitis can be caused by various pathogens, so it's essential not to jump to conclusions based solely on symptoms.
Choice B rationale:
This statement is appropriate because the patient's symptoms, including fever, headache, stiff neck, and photophobia, are consistent with bacterial meningitis. Bacterial meningitis is a severe infection that requires prompt treatment to prevent complications.
Choice C rationale:
This statement is not appropriate because fungal meningitis typically presents differently and is more common in individuals with compromised immune systems. There is no evidence from the presented symptoms to suggest fungal meningitis.
Choice D rationale:
This statement is not appropriate because parasitic meningitis is very rare and typically associated with specific exposures or travel history. There is no information to support this as a likely cause of the client's symptoms.
Choice E rationale:
This statement is not appropriate because meningococcal septicemia is a different condition from meningitis. While both can be caused by Neisseria meningitidis bacteria, septicemia is characterized by a bloodstream infection, while meningitis affects the meninges.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Blood culture is not the appropriate diagnostic procedure for confirming meningitis. While blood cultures can identify bacteria or other pathogens in the bloodstream, it may not directly confirm meningitis, as the infection is primarily located in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Choice B rationale:
Urinalysis is not the appropriate diagnostic procedure for confirming meningitis. Urinalysis helps in detecting urinary tract infections or kidney-related issues, but it does not provide relevant information about meningitis.
Choice C rationale:
Lumbar puncture and CSF analysis are essential in diagnosing meningitis. This procedure involves inserting a needle into the spinal canal to collect a sample of CSF, which is then analyzed for signs of infection, such as elevated white blood cell count, increased protein levels, and the presence of bacteria or viruses. It helps differentiate between bacterial, viral, or fungal causes and guides appropriate treatment.
Choice D rationale:
A chest X-ray is not directly related to diagnosing meningitis. It is used to evaluate lung and heart conditions, making it irrelevant in confirming meningitis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This statement is incorrect. A lumbar puncture involves the insertion of a needle, not a catheter, into the subarachnoid space of the spinal canal to collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) It is not done in blood vessels.
Choice B rationale:
This statement is accurate. A lumbar puncture is performed to obtain a sample of cerebrospinal fluid for analysis. It helps to diagnose and differentiate between bacterial and viral meningitis based on CSF characteristics, such as cell count, glucose levels, and presence of bacteria or viruses.
Choice C rationale:
This statement is incorrect. A lumbar puncture is uncomfortable but is typically not an extremely painful procedure. It is often done with local anesthesia, and the discomfort is usually temporary.
Choice D rationale:
This statement is incorrect. During a lumbar puncture, the patient is usually asked to curl up in a fetal position, bringing the knees close to the chest and the chin to the chest. This position helps to widen the spaces between the spinal bones, making it easier for the healthcare provider to insert the needle into the subarachnoid space. It does not involve bending the neck forward.
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