A nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The child's parents ask the nurse what factors can cause or increase the risk of DIC in children. Which of the following statements should be included in the discussion? (Select all that apply).

"DIC occurs only in school-age children."

"Risk factors of DIC in children include cancer and chemotherapy.”

"Lyme disease is a risk factor for DIC."

"The most common cause of DIC in children is sepsis."

"We have to treat the underlying cause to fix DIC."

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

A. DIC can affect children of all ages, not just school-age children.
B. Risk factors of DIC include cancer and chemotherapy, which can trigger DIC due to the activation of clotting factors.
C. Lyme disease is not typically associated with DIC.
D. The most common cause of DIC in children is sepsis, which leads to widespread clotting and hemorrhage.
E. Treating the underlying cause of DIC, such as sepsis or cancer, is essential to resolving DIC and stopping the clotting cascade.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Asking the client to look away may reduce anxiety for some, but it does not minimize discomfort or promote understanding.

B. Using a larger needle would likely increase discomfort and is not consistent with atraumatic care, which aims to minimize pain.

C. Administering the injection quickly might reduce discomfort but does not address the child’s emotional needs or ensure proper understanding of the procedure.

D. Explaining the procedure in simple terms helps the child understand what will happen, reducing fear and promoting cooperation. This is an important aspect of atraumatic care.

A. Offer the infant a pacifier. B. Encourage the parents to rock the infant. C. Administer ibuprofen as needed for pain. D. Position the infant on her abdomen.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A pacifier should not be offered after cleft lip surgery, as it can put pressure on the surgical site and affect healing.
B. Rocking the infant can be a soothing and comforting action to help the infant recover from surgery. It provides emotional comfort and promotes bonding with the parents.
C. Ibuprofen is generally not recommended for infants under 6 months of age unless prescribed by the provider. Appropriate pain management should be used based on the infant's age and condition.
D. Positioning the infant on her abdomen is not appropriate after cleft lip surgery, as this could place pressure on the surgical area. The infant should be positioned on her back or side to avoid stress on the repair site.

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A nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The child's parents ask the nurse what factors can cause or increase the risk of DIC in children. Which of the following statements should be included in the discussion? (Select all that apply).

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An acute care nurse is caring for a pediatric client diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who receives insulin injections. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates atraumatic care?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a 2-month-old infant who is postoperative following surgical repair of a cleft lip. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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