A nurse is caring for a client immediately following a hemodialysis treatment. For which of the following manifestations will the nurse administer a PRN dose of phenytoin?
Headache, restlessness
Decreased blood pressure, rapid pulse
Muscle cramps, chest heaviness
Pain and tingling at the access site
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is Choice A
Choice A rationale: Headache and restlessness can be signs of a seizure or neurological disturbance, which phenytoin is used to treat. Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant medication that helps control seizures by stabilizing neuronal membranes and reducing excitability.
Choice B rationale: Decreased blood pressure and rapid pulse are not indications for phenytoin administration. These symptoms may suggest hypotension or cardiovascular issues, which require different interventions such as fluid resuscitation or vasopressors.
Choice C rationale: Muscle cramps and chest heaviness are not treated with phenytoin. These symptoms could indicate electrolyte imbalances or cardiac issues, which need specific treatments like electrolyte replacement or cardiac monitoring.
Choice D rationale: Pain and tingling at the access site are not indications for phenytoin administration. These symptoms may suggest local irritation or infection at the dialysis access site, requiring appropriate wound care or antibiotics.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hypernatremia, which is an abnormally high level of sodium in the blood, is not typically associated with prerenal AKI. Prerenal AKI is often related to hypovolemia, which can lead to hyponatremia rather than hypernatremia.
Choice B reason: Hypophosphatemia, or low levels of phosphate in the blood, is not a common finding in prerenal AKI. Phosphate levels are more often affected in intrinsic renal diseases or refeeding syndrome.
Choice C reason: Hypercalcemia, or high levels of calcium in the blood, is not commonly seen in prerenal AKI. It is more frequently associated with malignancies or hyperparathyroidism.
Choice D reason: Hyperkalemia, which is an elevated level of potassium in the blood, is a common electrolyte imbalance in prerenal AKI. This occurs due to decreased renal perfusion and the kidney's reduced ability to excrete potassium.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C: "You will need to avoid rigorous exercise during the test."
Rationale:
- Choice A: The collection time for a 24-hour urine creatinine clearance test typically starts at a specific time, not necessarily with the first urine of the day.
- Choice B: A creatinine clearance test requires a 24-hour urine collection, not just 12 hours.
- Choice C: Avoiding rigorous exercise is important during the test as it can affect creatinine levels and impact the accuracy of the results.
- Choice D: Storing the urine container in a dark location is not necessary for a creatinine clearance test.
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