A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic diarrhea. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Respiratory acidosis

Hypermagnesemia

Hypertension

Hypokalemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Respiratory acidosis is incorrect. Chronic diarrhea typically leads to metabolic acidosis, not respiratory acidosis. Metabolic acidosis occurs due to the loss of bicarbonate through diarrhea, which affects the body’s acid-base balance.

B. Hypermagnesemia is incorrect. Chronic diarrhea is more likely to lead to hypomagnesemia due to the loss of electrolytes through frequent bowel movements, not an increase in magnesium levels.

C. Hypertension is incorrect. Chronic diarrhea generally leads to dehydration and hypotension due to fluid loss rather than high blood pressure.

D. Hypokalemia is correct. Chronic diarrhea causes significant potassium loss, which can result in hypokalemia (low potassium levels). Potassium is lost in the stool, and this depletion can lead to muscle weakness, arrhythmias, and other complications.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "Your baby needs to suck on a pacifier" is not necessarily the best advice for this situation. While pacifiers can help some babies self-soothe, crying is often a sign of an unmet need, and further assessment is needed to determine the cause of the crying. Offering a pacifier without addressing other potential causes might overlook the root issue.

B. "Swaddling your baby snugly in a blanket might help soothe her" is correct. Swaddling can help calm a newborn by providing a sense of security and warmth, mimicking the conditions of the womb. It is a common technique used to soothe babies.

C. "Breastfed babies are usually fussy from swallowing too much air during feedings" is incorrect. While some babies may have mild gas or discomfort from swallowing air, excessive crying is not typically due to this alone, especially if the baby has been fed properly and burped.

D. "Breastfed babies often need to be supplemented with formula" is not appropriate. While some breastfeeding difficulties can occur, advising formula supplementation without further investigation could undermine the breastfeeding process and should only be suggested after careful assessment and if truly necessary.

A. Heart rhythm B. Urinary output C. Pain sensation D. Muscle strength

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Heart rhythm: This is correct. Hypothermia, indicated by a body temperature of 32.5°C (90.5°F), can affect the cardiovascular system, potentially causing arrhythmias or even cardiac arrest. Monitoring heart rhythm is critical because of the risk of life-threatening cardiac complications associated with severe hypothermia.

B. Urinary output: While urinary output may decrease in hypothermic conditions due to vasoconstriction, it is not the priority. Cardiac function takes precedence, as severe hypothermia can lead to fatal arrhythmias.

C. Pain sensation: Although decreased pain sensation can occur in hypothermia, it is less urgent to monitor compared to the potential for life-threatening arrhythmias or cardiac arrest.

D. Muscle strength: While hypothermia can impair muscle strength, it is not the priority compared to monitoring for cardiac irregularities, which can be fatal if left unchecked.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic diarrhea. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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