A nurse is caring for a patient who has acute kidney injury. The patient's ABG results are: pH: 7.26
PaCO2: 30 mm Hg HCO3: 14 mEq/L
Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify the patient is experiencing?
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Metabolic acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and a high HCO3 level, which is not present in this scenario.
Choice B reason: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a high PaCO2 and a low pH. Although the pH is low here, the PaCO2 is also low, ruling out respiratory acidosis.
Choice C reason: Metabolic acidosis is indicated by a low pH and a low HCO3 level, which aligns with the patient's ABG results.
Choice D reason: Respiratory alkalosis would present with a high pH and a low PaCO2, which is not the case here.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This statement is incorrect; patients have the right to refuse treatment at any time, even after signing the consent form.
Choice B reason: While the charge nurse may review the risks, it is typically the responsibility of the provider performing the procedure to ensure the patient understands the risks involved.
Choice C reason: A witness may be required to sign the consent form, but it does not necessarily have to be the patient's partner.
Choice D reason: It is important for the provider to discuss all treatment options with the patient, so they can make an informed decision.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that typically causes potassium loss, not hyperkalemia.
Choice B reason: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which can lead to an increase in potassium levels, potentially causing hyperkalemia.
Choice C reason: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that usually results in potassium loss, not hyperkalemia.
Choice D reason: Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that does not typically cause hyperkalemia.
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