A nurse is caring for a patient who has acute kidney injury. The patient's ABG results are: pH: 7.26

PaCO2: 30 mm Hg HCO3: 14 mEq/L

Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify the patient is experiencing?

Metabolic alkalosis

Respiratory acidosis

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and a high HCO3 level, which is not present in this scenario.

Choice B reason: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a high PaCO2 and a low pH. Although the pH is low here, the PaCO2 is also low, ruling out respiratory acidosis.

Choice C reason: Metabolic acidosis is indicated by a low pH and a low HCO3 level, which aligns with the patient's ABG results.

Choice D reason: Respiratory alkalosis would present with a high pH and a low PaCO2, which is not the case here.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Metabolic alkalosis is indicated by a high pH and a high HCO3 level. In this case, the pH is 7.5, which is above the normal range of 7.35-7.45, and the HCO3 is 32 mEq/L, which is above the normal range of 22-26 mEq/L.

Choice B reason: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a high CO2 level and a low pH, which is not the case here as the CO2 is normal and the pH is high.

Choice C reason: Respiratory alkalosis typically presents with a low CO2 level and a high pH. Since the CO2 is normal, this condition does not fit the patient's ABG results.

Choice D reason: Metabolic acidosis would present with a low pH and a low HCO3 level. Given that both the pH and HCO3 are high, metabolic acidosis is not the correct diagnosis.

A. pH 7.39 B. pH 7.31 C. pH 7.48 D. pH 7.50

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: A pH of 7.39 is near the lower end of the normal range (7.35-7.45) and would not typically indicate respiratory acidosis.

Choice B reason: A pH of 7.31 is below the normal range, indicating an acidic environment, which is consistent with respiratory acidosis.

Choice C reason: A pH of 7.48 is above the normal range, indicating a more alkaline environment, which would suggest respiratory alkalosis, not acidosis.

Choice D reason: A pH of 7.50 is also above the normal range and would indicate alkalosis rather than acidosis.

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A nurse is caring for a patient who has acute kidney injury. The patient's ABG results are: pH: 7.26 PaCO2: 30 mm Hg HCO3: 14 mEq/L Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify the patient is experiencing?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) results of a patient. The patient's ABGs are: pH 7.5 CO2 40 mm Hg HCO3 32 mEq/L Which of the following acid-base conditions should the nurse identify the patient is experiencing?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a patient who has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following pH levels should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a patient who has acute kidney injury. The patient's ABG results are: pH: 7.26

PaCO2: 30 mm Hg HCO3: 14 mEq/L

Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify the patient is experiencing?