A nurse is caring for a patient who has acute kidney injury. The patient's ABG results are: pH: 7.26
PaCO2: 30 mm Hg HCO3: 14 mEq/L
Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify the patient is experiencing?
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Metabolic acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and a high HCO3 level, which is not present in this scenario.
Choice B reason: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a high PaCO2 and a low pH. Although the pH is low here, the PaCO2 is also low, ruling out respiratory acidosis.
Choice C reason: Metabolic acidosis is indicated by a low pH and a low HCO3 level, which aligns with the patient's ABG results.
Choice D reason: Respiratory alkalosis would present with a high pH and a low PaCO2, which is not the case here.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: While bed rest may be required immediately after surgery, patients are typically encouraged to mobilize as soon as possible to prevent complications.
Choice B reason: Using a special soap the evening before surgery is a common preoperative instruction to reduce the risk of infection.
Choice C reason: A CPM machine is often used after hip replacement surgery to promote movement and prevent joint stiffness.
Choice D reason: A heating pad is generally not recommended on the operative site immediately after surgery due to the risk of burns and bleeding.
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The correct answer is choice B. “You will use a special soap to shower with the evening before your surgery.” Choice A rationale: Remaining in bed for at least the first 24 hours is not typically recommended. Early mobilization is encouraged to prevent complications such as blood clots and to promote faster recovery. Choice B rationale: Using a special soap to shower with the evening before surgery is a common preoperative instruction. This helps reduce the risk of infection by decreasing the number of bacteria on the skin. Choice C rationale: Continuous passive motion (CPM) machines are generally used for knee replacement surgeries, not hip replacements. They help in maintaining joint mobility and preventing stiffness, but are not standard for hip surgeries. Choice D rationale: Using a heating pad on the operative site is not recommended as it can increase swelling and the risk of burns. Cold therapy is usually preferred to reduce pain and inflammation postoperatively. |
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Cimetidine is a medication used to treat ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and does not typically cause hypokalemia.
Choice B reason: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause the excretion of potassium, leading to hypokalemia, which is a decrease in potassium levels in the blood.
Choice C reason: Meloxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and does not commonly cause hypokalemia.
Choice D reason: Montelukast is used to prevent asthma atacks and does not typically cause hypokalemia.
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