A nurse is discussing the role of the immune system in glomerulonephritis with a client. Which immune response is commonly associated with the development of immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis?

Cell-mediated immunity

Humoral (antibody-mediated) immunity

Innate immunity

Tolerance induction

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Incorrect. Cell-mediated immunity is not the primary immune response associated with immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis.

B) Correct. Immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis typically involves the formation of immune complexes (antigen-antibody complexes) that deposit in the glomeruli and trigger an inflammatory response.

C) Incorrect. Innate immunity is a nonspecific defense mechanism and is not the primary immune response involved in glomerulonephritis.

D) Incorrect. Tolerance induction is a process by which the immune system recognizes self-antigens and does not directly relate to the development of glomerulonephritis.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Incorrect. A complete blood count (CBC) provides information about red and white blood cell counts and is not primarily used to assess kidney function or GFR.

B) Incorrect. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is a blood test that can be influenced by factors other than kidney function and is not a direct measure of GFR.

C) Correct. Serum creatinine is a commonly used blood test to assess kidney function and estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

D) Incorrect. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of inflammation and is not typically used to assess kidney function or GFR in glomerulonephritis.

A. Nephrotic syndrome B. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis C. Polycystic kidney disease D. Acute pyelonephritis

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Incorrect. Nephrotic syndrome is a different kidney disorder characterized by heavy proteinuria and edema but is not characterized by crescent-shaped structures in the glomeruli.

B) Correct. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is characterized by the formation of crescent-shaped structures within the glomeruli and is a complication of glomerulonephritis.

C) Incorrect. Polycystic kidney disease involves the development of cysts within the kidneys and is unrelated to crescent formation in glomerulonephritis.

D) Incorrect. Acute pyelonephritis is a different kidney condition caused by a bacterial infection of the renal pelvis and is not characterized by crescent-shaped structures in the glomeruli.

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A nurse is discussing the role of the immune system in glomerulonephritis with a client. Which immune response is commonly associated with the development of immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is explaining the role of blood tests in diagnosing glomerulonephritis to a client. Which blood test is frequently performed to assess kidney function and determine the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is discussing the potential complications of glomerulonephritis with a client. Which complication is related to the formation of crescent-shaped structures within the glomeruli?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is discussing the risk factors for developing glomerulonephritis with a client. Which condition is commonly associated with an increased risk of poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN)?

A nurse is educating a client about the risk factors for glomerulonephritis. Which lifestyle factor is often associated with an increased risk of chronic glomerulonephritis?

A nurse is caring for a client with glomerulonephritis who reports a decreased urine output. Which medical term should the nurse use to describe this symptom?

A nurse is discussing potential risk factors for glomerulonephritis with a client. Which underlying medical condition is commonly linked to the development of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN)?

A client with glomerulonephritis is experiencing hypertension. Which medication class is commonly prescribed to control blood pressure in clients with this condition?

A client asks a nurse about the risk factors for developing glomerulonephritis. Which factor should the nurse explain as a common predisposing condition for membranous glomerulonephritis?

A nurse is educating a client with glomerulonephritis about dietary restrictions. Which dietary component should the nurse recommend limiting to reduce proteinuria and manage blood pressure?

A client with glomerulonephritis is prescribed angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. What is the primary purpose of ACE inhibitors in the management of this condition?