A nurse is educating a client about the diagnostic evaluation of glomerulonephritis. Which laboratory finding is commonly associated with glomerulonephritis and is characterized by the presence of red blood cells in the urine?
Elevated serum creatinine
Hyperkalemia
Hematuria
Hyponatremia
The Correct Answer is C
A) Incorrect. Elevated serum creatinine is indicative of impaired kidney function but does not directly reflect the presence of red blood cells in the urine.
B) Incorrect. Hyperkalemia is an electrolyte imbalance that can occur in kidney disease but does not directly indicate hematuria.
C) Correct. Hematuria, the presence of red blood cells in the urine, is a common diagnostic finding in glomerulonephritis.
D) Incorrect. Hyponatremia is an electrolyte imbalance and is not a direct indicator of hematuria in glomerulonephritis.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Incorrect. ACE inhibitors do not enhance sodium reabsorption; they actually decrease sodium reabsorption in the kidneys.
B) Correct. ACE inhibitors are commonly prescribed to reduce proteinuria (excessive protein in the urine), which is a common symptom of glomerulonephritis.
C) Incorrect. ACE inhibitors do not promote potassium excretion; they can lead to hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) in some cases.
D) Incorrect. While ACE inhibitors can affect aldosterone levels, their primary role in glomerulonephritis is to reduce proteinuria and manage blood pressure.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Correct. In glomerulonephritis, renal damage can lead to increased renin production, which in turn raises blood pressure.
B) Incorrect. Glomerulonephritis may affect GFR, but decreased GFR alone is not the primary cause of hypertension in this condition.
C) Incorrect. Elevated blood glucose levels are associated with diabetes mellitus but are not the primary cause of hypertension in glomerulonephritis.
D) Incorrect. Hypercalcemia (high blood calcium levels) is not a common cause of hypertension in glomerulonephritis.
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