A nurse is explaining the role of the glomeruli in the kidneys to a client with glomerulonephritis. What is the primary function of the glomeruli in kidney physiology?
Reabsorption of water and electrolytes
Filtration of blood to form urine
Secretion of hormones such as renin
Regulation of blood pressure
The Correct Answer is B
A) Incorrect. Reabsorption of water and electrolytes primarily occurs in the renal tubules, not the glomeruli.
B) Correct. The primary function of the glomeruli is to filter blood to form urine by removing waste products and excess substances.
C) Incorrect. Hormone secretion, including renin, is not a primary function of the glomeruli but may occur elsewhere in the kidney.
D) Incorrect. While the kidneys play a role in blood pressure regulation, this function involves other structures in addition to the glomeruli.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect. Elevated serum creatinine is indicative of impaired kidney function but does not directly reflect the presence of red blood cells in the urine.
B) Incorrect. Hyperkalemia is an electrolyte imbalance that can occur in kidney disease but does not directly indicate hematuria.
C) Correct. Hematuria, the presence of red blood cells in the urine, is a common diagnostic finding in glomerulonephritis.
D) Incorrect. Hyponatremia is an electrolyte imbalance and is not a direct indicator of hematuria in glomerulonephritis.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect. A complete blood count (CBC) provides information about red and white blood cell counts and is not primarily used to assess kidney function or GFR.
B) Incorrect. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is a blood test that can be influenced by factors other than kidney function and is not a direct measure of GFR.
C) Correct. Serum creatinine is a commonly used blood test to assess kidney function and estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
D) Incorrect. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of inflammation and is not typically used to assess kidney function or GFR in glomerulonephritis.
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