A nurse is reviewing laboratory results and notes that a client has an elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect?

Anxiety, unintended weight loss, palpitations

Fatigue, constipation, weight gain

Increased thirst, increased urine output, and weight los

Shakiness, sweating, nausea

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Anxiety, unintended weight loss, palpitations: These symptoms are consistent with hyperthyroidism, where excess thyroid hormone speeds up metabolism. Hyperthyroidism is typically associated with low TSH levels due to negative feedback suppression of the pituitary gland.
B. Fatigue, constipation, weight gain: These are classic symptoms of hypothyroidism, where a deficiency of thyroid hormones slows metabolic processes. An elevated TSH level reflects the pituitary's response to low circulating thyroid hormone, attempting to stimulate the thyroid to produce more.
C. Increased thirst, increased urine output, and weight loss: These symptoms point to hyperglycemia or conditions like diabetes mellitus, not thyroid dysfunction. They are due to glucose imbalances rather than altered thyroid hormone or TSH levels.
D. Shakiness, sweating, nausea: These symptoms are typically seen in hypoglycemia or acute adrenal issues, where blood glucose or cortisol levels drop. They do not correspond with thyroid hormone imbalances or elevated TSH.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Serum sodium 140 mg/dL: This is a normal sodium level and does not provide diagnostic information specific to DKA. Sodium may fluctuate in DKA but is not a defining lab value for the condition.
B. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 18 mg/dL: This BUN level is within normal limits. Although BUN can be elevated in DKA due to dehydration, a normal value does not support the diagnosis of DKA on its own.
C. Serum bicarbonate less than 15: A low bicarbonate level indicates metabolic acidosis, which is a key diagnostic feature of DKA. It reflects the buffering of excess ketone acids in the blood, making this a highly specific indicator.
D. Arterial blood pH 7.46: This value is slightly alkalotic and inconsistent with DKA, which is characterized by metabolic acidosis and a pH usually below 7.3. Elevated pH would suggest another acid-base disorder.

A. Glatiramer acetate B. Dulaglutide C. Oxybutynin D. Montelukast sodium

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Glatiramer acetate: Glatiramer acetate is an immunomodulatory drug used primarily to treat multiple sclerosis by reducing the frequency of relapses. It has no role in the treatment of spasm-induced incontinence and does not affect bladder muscle activity, making it irrelevant to the client’s condition.
B. Dulaglutide: Dulaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used for the management of type 2 diabetes. It works by enhancing insulin secretion and slowing gastric emptying but has no effect on neurogenic bladder or incontinence associated with spinal cord injury.
C. Oxybutynin: Oxybutynin is an anticholinergic medication that relaxes the bladder's detrusor muscle, reducing urinary frequency and urgency. It is commonly prescribed for clients with neurogenic bladder or spasm-induced incontinence following spinal cord injury, making it the most appropriate choice.
D. Montelukast sodium: Montelukast sodium is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used to prevent asthma symptoms and allergic rhinitis. It does not affect bladder function or spasticity and would not be prescribed for incontinence related to spinal cord injury.

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A nurse is reviewing laboratory results and notes that a client has an elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect?

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