A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the adverse eﬀects of medications. The nurse should include that which of the following medications can cause constipation?

Cisapride

Magnesium-containing antacids

Opioid analgesics

Statins

Anticholinergic/antispasmodic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Cisapride is a prokinetic agent that increases gastrointestinal motility and is unlikely to cause constipation.

Choice B reason: Magnesium-containing antacids typically cause diarrhea rather than constipation.

Choice C reason: Opioid analgesics are known to slow gastrointestinal motility, which can lead to constipation, making this the correct answer.

Choice D reason: Statins are used to lower cholesterol and are not commonly associated with causing constipation.

Choice E reason: Anticholinergic/antispasmodic medications can cause constipation due to their action on the nervous system, which reduces muscle contractions in the gastrointestinal tract.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Metabolic alkalosis is indicated by a high pH and a high HCO3 level. In this case, the pH is 7.5, which is above the normal range of 7.35-7.45, and the HCO3 is 32 mEq/L, which is above the normal range of 22-26 mEq/L.

Choice B reason: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a high CO2 level and a low pH, which is not the case here as the CO2 is normal and the pH is high.

Choice C reason: Respiratory alkalosis typically presents with a low CO2 level and a high pH. Since the CO2 is normal, this condition does not fit the patient's ABG results.

Choice D reason: Metabolic acidosis would present with a low pH and a low HCO3 level. Given that both the pH and HCO3 are high, metabolic acidosis is not the correct diagnosis.

A. Hyperventilation B. Dyspnea C. Abdominal pain D. Dizziness

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Hyperventilation is a common response to respiratory alkalosis as the body tries to compensate for the high pH by exhaling more carbon dioxide.

Choice B reason: Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, may be present but is not as specific as hyperventilation for respiratory alkalosis.

Choice C reason: Abdominal pain is not typically associated with respiratory alkalosis.

Choice D reason: Dizziness can be a symptom of respiratory alkalosis due to changes in blood chemistry, but it is less specific than hyperventilation.

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A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the adverse eﬀects of medications. The nurse should include that which of the following medications can cause constipation?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) results of a patient. The patient's ABGs are: pH 7.5 CO2 40 mm Hg HCO3 32 mEq/L Which of the following acid-base conditions should the nurse identify the patient is experiencing?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is collecting data on a patient who has respiratory alkalosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the adverse eﬀects of medications. The nurse should include that which of the following medications can cause constipation?

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