A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the adverse eﬀects of medications. The nurse should include that which of the following medications can cause constipation?

Cisapride

Magnesium-containing antacids

Opioid analgesics

Statins

Anticholinergic/antispasmodic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Cisapride is a prokinetic agent that increases gastrointestinal motility and is unlikely to cause constipation.

Choice B reason: Magnesium-containing antacids typically cause diarrhea rather than constipation.

Choice C reason: Opioid analgesics are known to slow gastrointestinal motility, which can lead to constipation, making this the correct answer.

Choice D reason: Statins are used to lower cholesterol and are not commonly associated with causing constipation.

Choice E reason: Anticholinergic/antispasmodic medications can cause constipation due to their action on the nervous system, which reduces muscle contractions in the gastrointestinal tract.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Hyperventilation is a compensatory mechanism in metabolic acidosis where the body tries to decrease carbon dioxide levels to balance the acidity.

Choice B reason: Cold, clammy skin is not a typical manifestation of metabolic acidosis; it may be associated with shock or hypoglycemia.

Choice C reason: Increased blood pressure is not directly related to metabolic acidosis. It can be inﬂuenced by various factors, including stress or other underlying conditions.

Choice D reason: Bradycardia, or a slow heart rate, is not a common manifestation of metabolic acidosis. Tachycardia, or a fast heart rate, might be observed instead.

A. Hydrochlorothiazide B. Spironolactone C. Furosemide D. Mannitol

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that typically causes potassium loss, not hyperkalemia.

Choice B reason: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which can lead to an increase in potassium levels, potentially causing hyperkalemia.

Choice C reason: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that usually results in potassium loss, not hyperkalemia.

Choice D reason: Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that does not typically cause hyperkalemia.

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A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the adverse eﬀects of medications. The nurse should include that which of the following medications can cause constipation?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

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