After teaching a group of nursing students about the action of sulfonamides, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students state that the action of this class of drugs is primarily which of the following?

Bacteriostatic.

Bactericidal.

Promotor of folic acid activity.

Bacterial cell metabolizer.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale:

Bacteriostatic. Sulfonamides are a class of antibiotics that work primarily as bacteriostatic agents. They inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria by blocking the synthesis of folic acid, which is essential for bacterial DNA and RNA synthesis. By slowing down bacterial growth, sulfonamides give the body's immune system a chance to eliminate the bacteria. Bacteriostatic antibiotics do not directly kill bacteria but rather impede their ability to multiply. This action is a key characteristic of sulfonamides.

Choice B rationale:

Bactericidal. Sulfonamides are not primarily bactericidal. Bactericidal antibiotics directly kill bacteria by disrupting their cell walls, protein synthesis, or other essential processes. Sulfonamides do not have this direct killing effect. They work by inhibiting folic acid synthesis and, as a result, slowing down bacterial growth. While this can eventually lead to bacterial death, the primary action of sulfonamides is bacteriostatic.

Choice C rationale:

Promotor of folic acid activity. This choice is not accurate. Sulfonamides do not promote folic acid activity; rather, they inhibit it. Sulfonamides are structural analogs of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), a precursor necessary for folic acid synthesis in bacteria. By competing with PABA, sulfonamides disrupt folic acid production in bacteria, ultimately leading to growth inhibition. Therefore, they are not promoters of folic acid activity.

Choice D rationale:

Bacterial cell metabolizer. Sulfonamides do not metabolize bacterial cells. Instead, they interfere with bacterial metabolism by blocking the synthesis of folic acid. This disruption affects the DNA and RNA synthesis of bacteria, which rely on folic acid derivatives. The primary action of sulfonamides is to inhibit this metabolic pathway, not to metabolize bacterial cells.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Antihelminthic therapy does not need to be administered cautiously in clients who have cardiac disease unless there are specific contraindications or drug interactions that would necessitate caution. The primary concern in these cases would be ensuring that the chosen antihelminthic drug does not interact adversely with the medications used to manage the client's cardiac condition.

Choice B rationale:

Antihelminthic therapy should be administered cautiously in clients with hepatic impairment. The liver plays a significant role in drug metabolism and elimination. Clients with hepatic impairment may have altered drug metabolism, which can affect the pharmacokinetics of antihelminthic drugs. Therefore, caution is needed to adjust the dosing and monitor for potential side effects in clients with compromised liver function.

Choice C rationale:

Clients with diabetes do not typically require cautious administration of antihelminthic therapy solely due to their diabetes. However, it is essential to consider potential drug interactions with antidiabetic medications that the client may be taking. The primary concern would be ensuring that the antihelminthic drug does not interfere with diabetes management.

Choice D rationale:

Clients with respiratory disorders do not necessarily require cautious administration of antihelminthic therapy based solely on their respiratory condition. However, it is crucial to consider potential drug interactions with medications used to manage the respiratory disorder. Antihelminthic drugs are primarily targeted at parasitic infections and may not directly impact respiratory conditions.

A. Staphylococcus. B. Salmonella. C. Streptococcus. D. Pseudomonas.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Staphylococcus is not typically associated with causing diarrhea or harm to the intestinal mucosa. Staphylococcus is more commonly linked to skin and soft tissue infections, as well as food poisoning.

Choice B rationale:

Salmonella is a bacterium that can harm the intestinal mucosa and is a common cause of foodborne illness. It can lead to symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, and vomiting, which can be severe and potentially damage the intestinal lining.

Choice C rationale:

Streptococcus is not a common cause of diarrhea or harm to the intestinal mucosa. Streptococcus species are more often associated with respiratory and throat infections.

Choice D rationale:

Pseudomonas is not a typical cause of diarrhea or harm to the intestinal mucosa. Pseudomonas is known for its association with healthcare-associated infections and is more often linked to conditions like pneumonia and urinary tract infections.

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After teaching a group of nursing students about the action of sulfonamides, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students state that the action of this class of drugs is primarily which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse would expect to administer antihelminthic therapy cautiously to which of the following clients?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Antidiarrheals are contraindicated in clients whose diarrhea is associated with which of the following organisms that can harm the intestinal mucosa?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving warfarin therapy.Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer if the client develops bleeding as an adverse effect of the medication? (Select all that apply.).

A nurse should screen clients of childbearing age for pregnancy as the administration of which of the following vaccines is contraindicated during pregnancy?

A client who is prescribed an iron preparation for treating iron deficiency anemia tells the nurse that she has also been taking ascorbic acid.The nurse would assess the client for which of the following?

A client is being given a prescription for ciprofloxacin (Cipro) to treat a urinary tract infection.The nurse should teach the client about which of the following common adverse reactions?

A group of nursing students are reviewing information about antiretroviral therapy.The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which conditions as requiring cautious use of this class of drugs?

A physician has prescribed simethicone to a client with postoperative abdominal distention.After administering the drug, the nurse would assess the client for the possibility of which of the following?

After administering the pneumococcal vaccine (Pneumovax) to a client, the nurse documents which of the following in the client's chart?

A client is prescribed a laxative.Which of the following would the nurse include in the teaching plan for the client about possible adverse reactions?