After the effector cell has being stimulated by acetylcholine (ACh), what enzyme stop the stimulation and allows the effector membrane to repolarize?

A) Pupil dilation:
Pupil dilation is typically a response from stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system, not the parasympathetic system. The parasympathetic system tends to cause pupil constriction, so pupil dilation would not be an expected response to a parasympathetic agonist.

B) Increased gastrointestinal motility:
Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the "rest and digest" response, promotes the movement of food through the digestive tract, increasing gastrointestinal motility. This response is a classic sign that the parasympathetic system is being activated. Drugs that stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system often aim to enhance digestive functions.

C) Vasoconstriction:
Vasoconstriction is typically mediated by the sympathetic nervous system, not the parasympathetic system. The sympathetic nervous system activates alpha-adrenergic receptors that cause blood vessels to constrict, raising blood pressure. The parasympathetic system, on the other hand, typically promotes vasodilation, lowering blood pressure.

D) Increased heart rate:
Increased heart rate is generally associated with the sympathetic nervous system, which prepares the body for "fight or flight." The parasympathetic nervous system, in contrast, slows down the heart rate through vagal stimulation, so an increase in heart rate would not be the expected response to parasympathetic stimulation.

A) Interferon-B (IFN-B): Interferon-beta is a disease-modifying therapy (DMT) used for multiple sclerosis (MS) to reduce the frequency and severity of attacks and slow disease progression. However, it is not typically used during an acute exacerbation of MS. It is more commonly prescribed for long-term management of the disease.
B) Mitoxantrone: Mitoxantrone is an immunosuppressive agent that is used as a disease-modifying therapy for patients with more aggressive forms of MS. While it can be helpful in reducing the frequency of attacks, it is not the first-line treatment during an acute relapse. Mitoxantrone is often considered for long-term use when other therapies are not effective.
C) Glatiramer acetate (Copaxone): Glatiramer acetate is another disease-modifying therapy for MS. It works by altering the immune response to protect the myelin sheath. Like interferon-beta, it is used for long-term management, not for acute attacks. It is not typically used during an exacerbation of MS.
D) Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol): Methylprednisolone, a corticosteroid, is the standard treatment for acute exacerbations of multiple sclerosis. It works by reducing inflammation, which helps to decrease the severity of symptoms during an MS relapse. The nurse would anticipate this drug being prescribed to manage the acute inflammatory episode and speed recovery from the attack. This medication is often administered intravenously in high doses and then tapered as the patient stabilizes.