An excess of cholesterol and saturated fat in the diet has been identified as specific risk factor for which of the following conditions? (Select all that apply)
Anemia
Atherosclerosis
COPD
Heart disease
Stroke (CVA)
Correct Answer : B,D,E
A. Anemia:
Anemia is typically related to iron deficiency, blood loss, or chronic disease. It is not caused by high cholesterol or saturated fat intake.
B. Atherosclerosis:
Excess cholesterol and saturated fat contribute to plaque buildup in arteries, leading to atherosclerosis (hardening and narrowing of arteries).
C. COPD:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is primarily caused by smoking and air pollutants, not dietary fat or cholesterol.
D. Heart disease:
Diets high in saturated fat and cholesterol increase LDL ("bad") cholesterol, contributing to coronary artery disease and heart attacks.
E. Stroke (CVA):
Atherosclerosis from high-fat diets increases the risk of ischemic stroke due to blocked arteries in the brain.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Eating a high-sodium diet to maintain blood pressure:
High sodium intake increases blood pressure, which is a risk factor for heart disease.
B. Avoiding all types of fat, including healthy fats:
Not all fats are harmful. Healthy fats (like omega-3s and monounsaturated fats) are protective against heart disease.
C. Limiting physical activity to reduce stress on the heart:
Physical activity strengthens the heart and improves cardiovascular health. Avoiding it increases risk.
D. Choosing foods low in saturated fats and high in fiber:
This is a heart-healthy approach that helps lower cholesterol and supports weight and blood pressure control.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Are high in cholesterol:
Cholesterol is found only in animal products. Plant fats contain no cholesterol.
B. Are solid at room temperature:
Fats that are solid at room temperature are typically saturated fats found in animal products or tropical oils, not most plant foods.
C. Are mono or polyunsaturated fat:
Most plant-based fats (e.g., from nuts, seeds, avocados, and oils) are unsaturated, which are healthier for the heart.
D. Are saturated fats:
Few plant sources (like coconut oil) contain saturated fats. Most plant fats are unsaturated.
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