Heartburn is a clinical manifestation of which of the following disorders?
Crohn’s disease
Diverticulitis
Ulcerative colitis
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) .
The Correct Answer is D
Choice D rationale
Heartburn is a primary symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which occurs when stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation and discomfort (nih.gov, n.d.).
Choice A rationale
Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that can cause symptoms like abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss, but heartburn is not a typical symptom (Healthline, 2022).
Choice B rationale
Diverticulitis results from inflammation or infection of diverticula in the colon, leading to symptoms like abdominal pain, fever, and changes in bowel habits (nih.gov, n.d.).
Choice C rationale
Ulcerative colitis is another type of inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in the colon, resulting in bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain, but not typically heartburn (Healthline, 2022).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Pain during or after intercourse is a common symptom of endometriosis. The misplaced endometrial-like tissue can cause irritation and inflammation, leading to pain during or after sexual activity.
Choice B rationale
Pelvic pain is a primary symptom of endometriosis. The growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, particularly on structures within the pelvis, can lead to chronic pelvic pain. This pain may be cyclical (worsening around the menstrual period) or constant.
Choice C rationale
Urinary tract infection is not a direct clinical manifestation of endometriosis. While endometriosis can involve the urinary tract structures and cause urinary symptoms, it does not cause infections. Urinary tract infections are typically caused by bacteria, not by the presence of endometrial-like tissue.
Choice D rationale
Infertility is a potential complication of endometriosis. The presence of endometrial-like tissue can interfere with the normal function of the reproductive organs, leading to difficulties in achieving pregnancy. Approximately 30-50% of women with endometriosis may experience infertility.
Choice E rationale
Dysmenorrhea, or painful menstrual periods, is a common symptom of endometriosis. The pain is often described as far worse than typical menstrual cramps and may become more severe over time.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice C rationale
Excessive thirst, increased urination, weight loss, and fatigue are all classic symptoms of diabetes mellitus, which is characterized by high blood sugar levels due to insulin deficiency or resistance (nih.gov, n.d.).
Choice A rationale
Hyperthyroidism, although it can cause weight loss, typically presents with additional symptoms such as increased heart rate, heat intolerance, and tremor (Studocu, n.d.).
Choice B rationale
Hypoglycemia typically leads to symptoms like sweating, hunger, and shakiness, often occurring in diabetic patients who take too much insulin or miss a meal (nih.gov, n.d.).
Choice D rationale
Cushing syndrome, resulting from excessive cortisol production, presents with symptoms like weight gain, thinning skin, easy bruising, and muscle weakness (nih.gov, n.d.).
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