Heartburn is a clinical manifestation of which of the following disorders?
Crohn’s disease
Diverticulitis
Ulcerative colitis
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) .
The Correct Answer is D
Choice D rationale
Heartburn is a primary symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which occurs when stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation and discomfort (nih.gov, n.d.).
Choice A rationale
Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that can cause symptoms like abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss, but heartburn is not a typical symptom (Healthline, 2022).
Choice B rationale
Diverticulitis results from inflammation or infection of diverticula in the colon, leading to symptoms like abdominal pain, fever, and changes in bowel habits (nih.gov, n.d.).
Choice C rationale
Ulcerative colitis is another type of inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in the colon, resulting in bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain, but not typically heartburn (Healthline, 2022).
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Weight gain is not a typical clinical manifestation of gastric cancer. In fact, weight loss is one of the most common symptoms at initial diagnosis.
Choice B rationale
Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, can be a symptom of gastric cancer, particularly if the cancer is located near the esophagus.
Choice C rationale
Fatigue can be a symptom of gastric cancer, often due to anemia from chronic blood loss in the stool or malnutrition from decreased appetite and weight loss.
Choice D rationale
Vomiting can be a symptom of gastric cancer, especially if the cancer causes a blockage in the stomach or duodenum.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The prevalence of cystitis is not increased in men due to sexual practices. In fact, cystitis is more common in women due to the shorter length of the female urethra, which allows bacteria easier access to the bladder28.
Choice B rationale
Cystitis does not occur less frequently in women due to shorter urethras. In fact, the shorter length of the female urethra is one reason why women are more susceptible to urinary tract infections, including cystitis28.
Choice C rationale
While some clients with cystitis may be asymptomatic, many experience symptoms such as frequent urination, discomfort during urination, and lower abdominal pain28.
Choice D rationale
Hormonal changes, particularly those associated with menopause, can alter the normal flora of the urinary tract and increase the risk of cystitis. The decrease in estrogen levels that occurs during menopause can affect the balance of bacteria in the urinary tract and make postmenopausal women more susceptible to urinary tract infections, including cystitis28.
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