Parent placing limits, but still encouraging child's independence

A. childhood: Young children often have an incomplete understanding of death and typically exhibit fear related to separation or the unknown, but not the adult-level fear seen later.
B. early: Early adults are generally focused on growth and responsibilities; while they may fear death, it’s usually less intense than in middle adulthood.
C. middle: Fear of death commonly peaks in middle adulthood as people confront aging, illness in peers or parents, and increased awareness of mortality.
D. late: Many older adults show greater acceptance and come to terms with mortality through life review, so fear of death often decreases or shifts focus.

A. Motor skills are initially influenced by biology but become increasingly dependent on environmental factors: While biology and environment both matter, this statement is overly linear and doesn’t capture the moment-to-moment, multi-factor interaction emphasized by dynamic systems theory.
B. Infants take bits and pieces of data from sensations and build representations of the world in their minds: This describes constructivist/cognitive processes (Piagetian), focusing on internal mental representations rather than dynamic, embodied action.
C. Motor development comes about through the unfolding of a genetic plan, or maturation: This is the maturational (nativist) view, which sees motor milestones as preprogrammed rather than emergent from multiple interacting factors.
D. Infants perceive something new in the environment that motivates them to act. They use their perceptions to fine-tune their movements: Dynamic systems theory emphasizes that motor skills emerge from interactions among perception, action, the body, and environment; infants use perception to continuously adjust movements.