The client says, "My marriage is just great. My spouse and I usually agree on everything." The nurse observes the clients foot moving continuously as the client twirls a shirt button. What type of communication is the client presenting?
Abstract message
Concrete message
Incongruent message
Congruent Message
The Correct Answer is C
A. Abstract message: Abstract messages involve conveying ideas or concepts that are not directly observable or tangible. In the scenario described, the client's statement about their marriage being great and usually agreeing on everything is an abstract message as it expresses an idea or perception.
B. Concrete message: Concrete messages are specific and observable behaviors or statements that are clear and direct. The observation of the client's foot moving continuously and twirling a shirt button represents concrete behaviors that are directly observable.
C. Incongruent message: Incongruent messages occur when verbal and nonverbal communication do not align or are contradictory. In the scenario, if the client's verbal statement about the great marriage contrasts with their fidgeting behavior (foot movement, twirling button), it would indicate an incongruent message.
D. Congruent Message: Congruent messages occur when verbal and nonverbal communication align and support each other. If the client's verbal statement about the great marriage is supported by calm and relaxed body language, it would indicate a congruent message.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Psychiatric Nurse: Psychiatric nurses primarily focus on providing direct care to patients with mental health disorders, including medication management, psychoeducation, and therapeutic interventions. While they may participate in interpreting test results and contributing to the overall care plan, their role in psychological test interpretation and therapy design is typically more supportive or collaborative within the interdisciplinary team.
B. Psychiatrist: Psychiatrists are medical doctors specializing in mental health. They are trained to diagnose mental health disorders, prescribe medication, and provide psychotherapy. While they may interpret psychological test results as part of their diagnostic process, their main focus is on medical management, including medication adjustments and monitoring.
C. Recreation Therapist: Recreation therapists focus on using recreational and leisure activities as therapeutic interventions to improve patients' physical, emotional, cognitive, and social functioning. They may not typically be involved in interpreting psychological test results or designing specific therapies related to bipolar disorder.
D. Psychologist: Psychologists specialize in psychological testing, assessment, and psychotherapy. They are trained to interpret psychological tests and assessments, such as those completed for the client with bipolar disorder, and participate actively in designing psychotherapeutic interventions based on these assessments.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and acetylcholine: GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps regulate neuronal excitability. It is not typically implicated in depression. Acetylcholine plays a role in cognitive functions and muscle contractions but is not primarily associated with depression.
B. Glutamate and histamine: Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and its imbalance has been linked to various neurological disorders, but it is not directly implicated in depression. Histamine, known for its role in allergic responses and wakefulness, is not typically associated with depression.
C. Norepinephrine and serotonin: Both norepinephrine and serotonin are monoamine neurotransmitters that play crucial roles in mood regulation. Decreased levels of these neurotransmitters have been strongly linked to depression. Norepinephrine is involved in the body's stress response and arousal, while serotonin is involved in mood, sleep, appetite, and other functions.
D. Serotonin and acetylcholine: Serotonin, as mentioned earlier, is significantly implicated in depression due to its role in regulating mood and emotional states. Acetylcholine, while important for cognitive functions and muscle control, is not primarily associated with depression.
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