The nurse auscultates a loud heart murmur while performing a cardiac assessment on a client. The nurse is aware that a heart murmur reflects:

increased fluid in the pericardial sac.

dysfunction of one or more heart valves.

an aneurysm of the descending aorta.

an occlusion of the right coronary artery.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. increased fluid in the pericardial sac: While fluid accumulation can affect heart sounds, it typically leads to muffled heart sounds rather than a loud murmur. Increased fluid in the pericardial sac (pericardial effusion) usually does not produce a classic heart murmur.

B. dysfunction of one or more heart valves: This statement is correct. Heart murmurs are often caused by turbulence in blood flow due to the dysfunction of heart valves, such as stenosis (narrowing) or regurgitation (leaking). A loud murmur suggests significant turbulence, which is often indicative of valvular heart disease.

C. an aneurysm of the descending aorta: While an aortic aneurysm can cause other types of heart sounds or signs of cardiovascular compromise, it is not primarily associated with heart murmurs.

D. an occlusion of the right coronary artery: An occlusion may lead to ischemia or myocardial infarction, which can cause changes in heart sounds, but it does not directly cause a heart murmur. Murmurs are more specifically related to blood flow dynamics, particularly involving valves.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) “I will drink milk every day to increase dietary calcium": While increasing dietary calcium can be beneficial, it is not directly related to the administration of bumetanide. The focus should be on the timing and consistency of taking the medication.

B) “I will take my pill each day after dinner”: Taking bumetanide after dinner may not be ideal as it can lead to increased urination during the night, potentially disrupting sleep. It is generally recommended to take diuretics earlier in the day.

C) “I will take my pill each day with my breakfast”: This statement indicates an understanding of the importance of taking the medication at a consistent time each day, preferably in the morning. Taking bumetanide with breakfast helps to avoid nocturnal diuresis and ensures the medication is taken regularly.

D) “I will limit my intake of citrus juices”: While certain dietary considerations may be important, limiting citrus juices is not specifically related to the administration of bumetanide. The primary focus should be on the timing and consistency of taking the medication.

A. Pedal pulses are +1 bilaterally B. Client has multiple food allergies C. Admission blood pressure is 110/70 D. Client is slightly anxious

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Pedal pulses are +1 bilaterally: While this may indicate decreased perfusion, it is not an immediate concern that typically requires reporting before a cardiac angiogram. This finding should be monitored but does not usually contraindicate the procedure.

B) Client has multiple food allergies: This information is critical to report prior to the procedure, especially if any of the allergies pertain to medications or contrast agents used during the angiogram. Knowing about allergies can help prevent potential allergic reactions during the procedure.

C) Admission blood pressure is 110/70: This blood pressure reading is within an acceptable range for most patients. While the healthcare provider should be aware of baseline vitals, this alone does not necessitate immediate reporting.

D) Client is slightly anxious: While anxiety is important to acknowledge and may require intervention, it is common for clients undergoing procedures. This does not typically need to be reported urgently to the healthcare provider prior to the angiogram.

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The nurse auscultates a loud heart murmur while performing a cardiac assessment on a client. The nurse is aware that a heart murmur reflects:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching a client with hypertension about the prescribed bumetanide, a loop diuretic, 1 mg PO daily. Which statement, made by the client would indicate that the teaching has been effective?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse has obtained assessment data for a client who is scheduled for a cardiac angiogram (catheterization). Which information must the nurse report to the health care provider prior to the procedure?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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