The nurse is caring for a client that has a diagnosis of alcohol dependence and has come to the Emergency Department with symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. An order is written for lorazepam 3 mg IV. The pharmacy only has the injectable form of lorazepam in a concentration of 2 mg/mL. Each vial contains 1mL. How many vials does the nurse need to retrieve from the med room to prepare the ordered dose? A calculator is activated within your exam. Enter numeric value only. Do not label.

A. Sigmund Freud:
Sigmund Freud was a pioneering figure in the field of psychology, known for his development of psychoanalytic theory. However, his focus was primarily on understanding the unconscious mind, personality development, and psychosexual stages. He did not advocate for the moral treatment of the mentally ill or the opening of state hospitals.

B. Dorothea Dix:
Dorothea Dix was a prominent social reformer and advocate for the rights of individuals with mental illness in the 19th century. She campaigned extensively for the improvement of mental health care, including advocating for the moral treatment of the mentally ill and the establishment of state-funded mental hospitals. Her efforts led to significant reforms in mental health care in the United States. Therefore, this is the correct answer as she is widely recognized for her advocacy and efforts in improving mental health care and promoting the humane treatment of individuals with mental illness.

C. Hildegard Peplau:
Hildegard Peplau was a nurse theorist known for her work on interpersonal relations in nursing. While she made significant contributions to nursing theory and practice, including in the field of psychiatric nursing, her focus was not specifically on advocating for the moral treatment of the mentally ill or the establishment of state hospitals.

D. Linda Richards:
Linda Richards was a pioneering psychiatric nurse and the first trained nurse in the United States. She made important contributions to psychiatric nursing practice and education. However, her work did not involve advocating for the moral treatment of the mentally ill or the opening of state hospitals.

A. Natural disasters: Natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, and wildfires can lead to adventitious crises due to the sudden and often overwhelming impact on individuals and communities.

B. Death of a loved one: Experiencing the death of a loved one, especially unexpectedly or under traumatic circumstances, can precipitate an adventitious crisis characterized by intense emotional distress and disruption in functioning.

C. Leaving home for the first time: While leaving home for the first time can be a significant life transition, it is not typically classified as an adventitious crisis. It may cause stress and adjustment difficulties but is more commonly associated with developmental or situational stressors rather than adventitious crises.

D. Loss of a job: Losing a job can be a distressing event that leads to financial instability and emotional challenges. However, it is generally considered a situational crisis rather than an adventitious crisis, which typically involves more acute and external factors beyond individual control.

E. Violent crimes: Experiencing or witnessing violent crimes, such as assault, robbery, or domestic violence, can trigger an adventitious crisis due to the trauma and threat to personal safety involved.