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The sum of all chemical changes that take place in the body by which it maintains itself and produces energy for its functioning is called:

A.

Metabolism

B.

Anabolism

C.

Catabolism

D.

Health promotion

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Metabolism

Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions in the body that maintain life, including those that break down nutrients for energy and those that build new cellular components.


 

B. Anabolism

Anabolism refers to the building up of complex molecules from simpler ones (e.g., protein synthesis), but it is just one part of overall metabolism.

C. Catabolism

Catabolism is the breakdown of molecules to release energy (e.g., digestion), but it’s also just one half of metabolism.

D. Health promotion

Health promotion refers to activities that improve health and prevent disease, not chemical changes in the body.


 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "I'm focusing on making balanced food choices, not just watching my weight."

This reflects a holistic approach to nutrition, not just weight-centric thinking.

B. "I will limit sugary drinks and processed snacks to improve my overall health."

Limiting sugar and processed foods supports heart and metabolic health.

C. "I plan to include more whole grains, fruits, and vegetables in my meals."

This aligns with evidence-based dietary guidelines.

D. "As long as I maintain a healthy weight, I don't need to worry much about what I eat."

This reflects a need for further teaching. A healthy weight does not guarantee good nutrition; nutrient quality is also essential for long-term health and disease prevention.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Lifestyle modification is the first-line treatment, including diet and physical activity, followed by pharmacotherapy if weight loss goals are not met after 6 months. Surgery is reserved for those with a BMI ≥35 kg/m².

Current guidelines emphasize lifestyle modification (diet, exercise, behavior therapy) as the first-line approach. If insufficient, pharmacotherapy may be added. Surgery is typically reserved for individuals with BMI ≥40, or BMI ≥35 with comorbidities, such as diabetes.

B. Pharmacotherapy is recommended as the first-line treatment for individuals with a BMI ≥25 kg/m², with lifestyle changes and surgery considered secondary options.

BMI ≥25 is considered overweight, and lifestyle changes, not medications, are the first-line intervention at this level.

C. Lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise, are secondary treatments, with pharmacotherapy being the first-line approach for all individuals with a BMI ≥30 kg/m². Surgery is recommended for those with a BMI ≥40 kg/m².

Lifestyle modification is first-line, even for BMI ≥30. Pharmacotherapy is used only if lifestyle changes are insufficient.

D. Surgical interventions should be considered the first-line treatment for individuals with a BMI ≥30 kg/m², with lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapy used only after surgery.

Surgery is not first-line for a BMI of ≥30. It is considered only for severe obesity or obesity with comorbidities after other methods fail.


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