When the blood becomes acidic (acidosis) and bicarbonate ions have been depleted, new bicarbonate ions must be generated in the plasma. Which of the following is NOT a means for replenishing bicarbonate ions?

A. It increases both Na⁺ and K⁺ reabsorption. It increases both Na⁺ and K⁺ secretion: This contradicts the actual function. Aldosterone causes Na⁺ reabsorption and K⁺ secretion, not reabsorption of both.
B. It increases Na⁺ reabsorption and K⁺ secretion: Aldosterone acts on the distal tubules and collecting ducts of the nephron, causing sodium reabsorption (to increase blood volume/pressure) and potassium excretion.
C. It reduces Na⁺ reabsorption and K⁺ secretion: This is the opposite of aldosterone's action.
D. It causes the urine to be more diluted: Aldosterone causes sodium (and water) retention, leading to concentrated urine. Dilution of urine is more associated with ADH inhibition.

A. Terminal sulcus: This is a V-shaped groove on the tongue that marks the division between the anterior and posterior tongue-not related to tongue mobility.
B. Lingual frenulum: This is a fold of mucous membrane under the tongue that may be too short or tight in some children (ankyloglossia or “tongue-tie”), limiting movement. Surgery may involve cutting this to free the tongue.
C. Uvula: The uvula is part of the soft palate and plays a role in speech and swallowing, not tongue movement.
D. Palatine tonsils: These are lymphatic tissues in the oropharynx and have no role in tongue movement.