What action should a person with peripheral neuropathy take to prevent injury?
Check the water temperature before submersion of the feet.
Ask the healthcare provider to conduct an electromyogram (EMG).
Take prescribed pain and inflammation medications.
Wear open-toed sandals to prevent any injuries.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Peripheral neuropathy impairs sensation, increasing burn risk from hot water. Checking water temperature prevents thermal injuries, as patients may not feel extreme temperatures, protecting insensate feet from damage, making this the correct preventive action.
Choice B reason: An electromyogram (EMG) diagnoses neuropathy by assessing nerve function but does not prevent injury. It is a diagnostic tool, not a protective measure against physical harm, making this choice incorrect for injury prevention.
Choice C reason: Pain and inflammation medications manage neuropathy symptoms but do not prevent physical injuries like cuts or burns. They address discomfort, not sensory loss, which is the primary injury risk, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: Open-toed sandals expose feet to injury, increasing risk in neuropathy due to poor sensation. Closed-toe shoes protect against trauma, making this choice incorrect for preventing injuries in peripheral neuropathy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: SIADH causes excessive antidiuretic hormone, leading to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. Low serum sodium results from increased water reabsorption in the kidneys, causing neurological symptoms, making this the correct manifestation.
Choice B reason: Hyperkalemia is not associated with SIADH, which affects water balance, not potassium. Potassium imbalances occur in adrenal or renal disorders, not SIADH’s water retention mechanism, making this choice incorrect.
Choice C reason: Hyperglycemia is unrelated to SIADH, which involves water retention and sodium dilution. Glucose levels are affected by diabetes, not antidiuretic hormone dysfunction, making this choice incorrect for SIADH manifestations.
Choice D reason: Hypertension may occur in SIADH due to fluid overload, but it is not the primary manifestation. Hyponatremia is more specific, as water retention directly dilutes sodium, making this choice incorrect.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Abnormal tau proteins contribute to Alzheimer’s, forming neurofibrillary tangles, but damage is not limited to the frontal lobe. The hippocampus and other regions are primarily affected, leading to memory loss. This choice is too specific and incomplete, making it incorrect.
Choice B reason: Damaged blood vessels interrupting brain blood flow describe vascular dementia, not Alzheimer’s. Alzheimer’s involves neuronal degeneration from protein accumulation, not primarily vascular pathology, although vascular factors may contribute, making this choice incorrect for Alzheimer’s pathophysiology.
Choice C reason: Repeated traumatic brain injuries cause chronic traumatic encephalopathy, not Alzheimer’s. While trauma may increase Alzheimer’s risk, the primary pathology involves amyloid and tau proteins, not trauma-induced encephalopathy, making this choice incorrect for the disease’s core pathophysiology.
Choice D reason: Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by amyloid-beta plaques and tau protein tangles, which disrupt neuronal function, particularly in the hippocampus, leading to memory impairment. These protein aggregates cause synaptic loss and neurodegeneration, accurately describing the disease’s pathophysiology, making this the correct choice.
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