What happens to fluid movement in the body when there are not enough plasma proteins in circulation?
Hydrostatic pressure decreases, resulting in fluid movement from the interstitial to the intravascular space.
Hydrostatic pressure increases, resulting in fluid movement from the intravascular to the interstitial space.
Osmotic pressure decreases, resulting in fluid movement from the intravascular to the interstitial space.
Osmotic pressure increases, resulting in fluid movement from the interstitial to the intravascular space.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Decreased hydrostatic pressure reduces fluid movement out of capillaries, favoring fluid return to the intravascular space. Low plasma proteins affect oncotic, not hydrostatic, pressure, causing fluid to leak into tissues, not return to vessels, making this incorrect.
Choice B reason: Increased hydrostatic pressure, as in heart failure, pushes fluid into the interstitial space. Low plasma proteins reduce oncotic pressure, not hydrostatic, leading to edema via a different mechanism, making this choice incorrect for the described scenario.
Choice C reason: Low plasma proteins, like albumin, decrease oncotic (osmotic) pressure, reducing the force pulling fluid into capillaries. This causes fluid to move from the intravascular to the interstitial space, leading to edema, making this the correct choice.
Choice D reason: Increased osmotic pressure would pull fluid into the intravascular space, as with high plasma protein levels. Low plasma proteins decrease oncotic pressure, causing fluid to leak into tissues, not return to vessels, making this choice incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Lack of appetite is not typical in type 1 diabetes, where increased appetite (polyphagia) occurs due to glucose deprivation in cells. Weight loss is more characteristic, making this choice incorrect.
Choice B reason: Oliguria (low urine output) is not a feature of type 1 diabetes, which causes polyuria due to osmotic diuresis from hyperglycemia. This makes the choice incorrect for type 1 diabetes.
Choice C reason: Night sweats are not a primary manifestation of type 1 diabetes. They may occur in hypoglycemia but are not a hallmark symptom, unlike weight loss, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: Weight loss in type 1 diabetes results from insulin deficiency, preventing glucose uptake, leading to fat and muscle breakdown for energy. This is a classic symptom, making this the correct choice.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Compression stockings promote venous return, preventing blood stasis in the legs, a major risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which can lead to pulmonary embolism. By improving circulation, they reduce clot formation, making this the correct preventive action.
Choice B reason: Medications promoting clotting increase the risk of pulmonary embolism by enhancing thrombus formation. Anticoagulants, not pro-coagulants, are used to prevent clots, making this choice incorrect as it would worsen the risk.
Choice C reason: Frequent bed rest increases the risk of pulmonary embolism by causing venous stasis, promoting clot formation in deep veins. Mobility reduces stasis and clot risk, making this choice incorrect for preventing pulmonary embolism.
Choice D reason: Reducing water intake leads to dehydration, increasing blood viscosity and clot risk, which can cause pulmonary embolism. Adequate hydration maintains blood fluidity, reducing thrombosis risk, making this choice incorrect for prevention.
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