What is the role of hemoglobin in gas exchange?
Hemoglobin stores oxygen in the lungs for when the demand is increased.
Hemoglobin prevents carbon dioxide from entering into the bloodstream.
Hemoglobin transports oxygen from the lungs to the tissues of the body.
Hemoglobin produces oxygen for increased delivery to the body’s tissues.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Hemoglobin does not store oxygen in the lungs; it binds oxygen in the alveoli and releases it in tissues. Oxygen storage is minimal, and myoglobin in muscles serves this role, making this choice incorrect for hemoglobin’s primary function in gas exchange.
Choice B reason: Hemoglobin does not prevent carbon dioxide from entering the bloodstream. It binds carbon dioxide in tissues and transports it to the lungs for exhalation, facilitating gas exchange, not blocking it, making this choice incorrect for hemoglobin’s role.
Choice C reason: Hemoglobin binds oxygen in the lungs, forming oxyhemoglobin, and transports it via red blood cells to body tissues, where it releases oxygen for cellular metabolism. This is its primary role in gas exchange, making this the correct choice.
Choice D reason: Hemoglobin does not produce oxygen; oxygen is inhaled from the environment. Hemoglobin’s role is to transport oxygen, not synthesize it, making this choice incorrect as it misrepresents the physiological function of hemoglobin in gas exchange.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Acute infections are not defined by location but by rapid onset and severity. While some infections may be localized, the hallmark is their abrupt, intense presentation, resolving quickly with treatment or spontaneously, making this choice incomplete and incorrect for fully describing acute infections.
Choice B reason: Acute infections are characterized by rapid onset, severe symptoms, and short duration, typically resolving within days to weeks. This reflects the body’s immediate immune response to pathogens, causing intense but transient symptoms, such as fever or pain, making this the correct choice.
Choice C reason: Non-apparent, prolonged symptoms describe subclinical or chronic infections, not acute ones. Acute infections present with noticeable, severe symptoms that resolve quickly, not persisting asymptomatically, making this choice incorrect for the characteristics of acute infections.
Choice D reason: Less severe, prolonged symptoms describe chronic infections, like tuberculosis, not acute infections. Acute infections feature rapid, intense symptoms that resolve quickly, not mild symptoms over time, making this choice incorrect for describing acute infections.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Loss of the thirst mechanism causes dehydration and hypernatremia, not hyponatremia, as water loss concentrates sodium. Hyponatremia requires excess water or sodium loss, making this choice incorrect for causing low sodium levels.
Choice B reason: Excessive aldosterone secretion causes sodium retention and hypernatremia, as it promotes sodium reabsorption in the kidneys. Hyponatremia involves sodium loss or dilution, not retention, making this choice incorrect for causing hyponatremia.
Choice C reason: Excessive sweating causes loss of sodium-containing fluids, leading to hyponatremia if water is replaced without electrolytes. This depletes serum sodium, disrupting electrolyte balance, making this the correct cause of hyponatremia in this context.
Choice D reason: Prolonged rapid, deep respirations cause respiratory alkalosis, not directly affecting sodium levels. Hyponatremia requires sodium loss or water excess, not respiratory changes, making this choice incorrect for causing low sodium levels.
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