What is status asthmaticus?
A chronic form of asthma that causes persistent symptoms
An asthma attack that is triggered by vigorous exercise
A mild asthma attack that resolves with bronchodilators
A severe asthma attack that does not respond to therapy
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Chronic asthma involves persistent symptoms managed over time, not an acute, life-threatening event. Status asthmaticus is an acute, severe exacerbation unresponsive to standard treatments, requiring urgent intervention, making this choice incorrect for describing status asthmaticus.
Choice B reason: An asthma attack triggered by exercise is exercise-induced bronchospasm, not status asthmaticus. Status asthmaticus is a severe, prolonged attack resistant to therapy, not defined by a specific trigger like exercise, making this choice incorrect.
Choice C reason: A mild asthma attack resolving with bronchodilators responds to standard therapy, unlike status asthmaticus, which is a severe, life-threatening attack unresponsive to bronchodilators and corticosteroids, requiring intensive care, making this choice incorrect for the condition.
Choice D reason: Status asthmaticus is a severe, prolonged asthma attack that does not respond to standard treatments like bronchodilators and corticosteroids. It causes critical airway obstruction and hypoxia, requiring aggressive medical intervention, accurately describing the condition and making this the correct choice.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Excessive plasma proteins increase oncotic pressure, pulling fluid into the vascular space, reducing edema. Edema occurs with low plasma proteins (e.g., hypoalbuminemia), as in liver or kidney disease, which decreases oncotic pressure, causing fluid leakage, making this choice incorrect.
Choice B reason: Lymph node dysfunction impairs lymphatic drainage, leading to fluid accumulation in tissues, causing edema (lymphedema). The lymphatic system normally returns interstitial fluid to circulation, so its failure results in swelling, particularly in extremities, making this the correct cause of edema.
Choice C reason: Decreased capillary permeability reduces fluid leakage into tissues, preventing edema. Edema occurs with increased permeability, as in inflammation, allowing fluid to escape into the interstitial space, making this choice incorrect as it opposes the mechanism of edema formation.
Choice D reason: Decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure reduces the force pushing fluid out of capillaries, decreasing edema. Edema is caused by increased hydrostatic pressure, as in heart failure, which forces fluid into tissues, making this choice incorrect for causing edema.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Overinflated alveoli and air trapping occur in emphysema or COPD, not atelectasis. Atelectasis involves alveolar collapse, reducing lung volume and gas exchange, not overinflation, making this choice incorrect for the pathophysiology of atelectasis.
Choice B reason: Atelectasis is the collapse of alveoli, often due to obstruction, compression, or surfactant deficiency, impairing ventilation and perfusion. This reduces gas exchange, causing hypoxia, and matches the pathophysiological process, making this the correct choice for atelectasis.
Choice C reason: Inflammation of the bronchi (bronchitis) involves airway inflammation, not alveolar collapse. Atelectasis results from physical collapse of alveoli, not primarily inflammatory processes, making this choice incorrect for atelectasis’s pathophysiology.
Choice D reason: Inflammatory congestion in alveoli describes pneumonia or pulmonary edema, not atelectasis. Atelectasis involves alveolar collapse, reducing ventilation without primary inflammation or fluid accumulation, making this choice incorrect for the described process.
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