Which of the following are NOT typical signs and symptoms of pericarditis? (Select-all-that-apply)
(Select All that Apply.)

A. Norepinephrine causes bronchial smooth muscle contraction and mucus secretion but it also causes high blood pressure: This statement is misleading in the context of asthma. Norepinephrine primarily acts on alpha and beta receptors, influencing blood pressure and bronchodilation but is not the main mediator in asthma pathophysiology. The focus should be on inflammation and airway responsiveness.

B. Uncontrolled inflammation leads to increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness and eventual scarring: This statement accurately describes the pathophysiologic process in asthma. Persistent inflammation in asthma can cause increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness, leading to airway narrowing and potential long-term remodeling and scarring of the airways if not controlled. Effective management is essential to prevent these adverse outcomes.

C. Immunoglobulin G causes smooth muscle contraction which will eventually weaken the respiratory muscles: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is primarily involved in allergic reactions and asthma, and it does not directly cause smooth muscle contraction that weakens respiratory muscles.

D. The release of epinephrine leads to development of cardiac dysrhythmias: While epinephrine can have cardiovascular effects, including increased heart rate and potential for dysrhythmias, this is not directly relevant to the pathophysiology of asthma. The focus in asthma management is on controlling airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction rather than on cardiac issues.

A. Pulse oximetry 98%: A pulse oximetry reading of 98% indicates adequate oxygen saturation, which does not strongly suggest a pneumothorax. Patients with a pneumothorax may have lower oxygen saturation levels, but this reading alone is not indicative of the condition.

B. Diminished breath sounds over painful chest area: Diminished breath sounds are a significant clinical manifestation of pneumothorax, as air in the pleural space prevents normal lung expansion and decreases airflow to the affected side.

C. Respiratory rate 34: An elevated respiratory rate (tachypnea) is often observed in patients with pneumothorax as they may struggle to breathe effectively. This clinical manifestation indicates respiratory distress and is consistent with the condition.

D. ABG pH level of 7.38: A pH level of 7.38 indicates acidosis, which may occur in cases of pneumothorax due to impaired gas exchange and respiratory distress. This abnormal finding on arterial blood gases supports the suspicion of pneumothorax.

E. Asymmetrical chest movements, especially on inspiration: Asymmetrical chest movements are a classic sign of pneumothorax, where the affected lung does not expand as fully as the unaffected lung during inspiration, leading to visible differences in chest wall movement.