Which of the following methods is most effective for a nurse to assess pain in a 4-year-old child?
Asking the child to rate their pain using descriptive words like 'mild,' 'moderate,' or 'severe
Using a faces pain scale to allow the child to point to the face that best represents their pain
Observing the child's facial expressions and body movements without any other assessment
Asking the child to rate their pain on a scale of one to ten, with ten being the worst
The Correct Answer is B
A. Descriptive words might be confusing for a 4-year-old and may not accurately capture their experience of pain.
B. The faces pain scale is effective for young children as it uses visual cues that they can relate to, making it easier for them to express their pain level.
C. While observing the child’s behavior can provide insights, it does not give a direct assessment of pain.
D. Rating pain on a scale of one to ten may be difficult for a child this age, as they may not fully understand numerical values.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. This statement is correct as the harness straps should fit snugly and be positioned at or above the child's shoulders for proper safety.
B. The middle of the back seat is indeed considered the safest position for a car seat.
C. Checking the security of the car seat before every trip is essential for ensuring the child’s safety.
D. Placing thick padding or blankets under the child is not recommended as it can interfere with the proper fit of the harness and increase the risk of injury in case of a collision.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A vocabulary of 1,500 words is more characteristic of a 5-year-old; by age 3, a child usually has a vocabulary of about 200 to 1,000 words.
B. Skipping and hopping on one foot typically develops around ages 4 to 5, so it would not be expected of a 3-year-old.
C. Walking backwards heel to toe is a skill that develops later, generally around age 4 or 5, rather than being typical at age 3.
D. A 3-year-old typically can stand on one foot for a few seconds, demonstrating developing balance and coordination skills that are characteristic of this age group.
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