Which respiratory finding is expected in an attempt to compensate for metabolic acidosis?

Hyperventilation leading to increased PaCO2

Hyperventilation leading to decreased PaCO2

Hypoventilation leading to decreased PaCO2

Hypoventilation leading to increased PaCO2

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Metabolic acidosis is a condition where the blood's pH is lowered due to an excess of non-volatile acids in the body, such as lactic acid, ketoacids, or ingested acids. This can occur due to diabetes, kidney failure, diarrhea, or ingestion of toxins.

The body has several mechanisms to compensate for metabolic acidosis and restore the normal pH balance. One of them is to hyperventilate, which helps to remove CO2 from the body and reduce the formation of H2CO3.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hyperglycemia: Hyperglycemia is characteristic of diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus. Diabetes insipidus involves an issue with antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and water balance, not glucose regulation.

B. Polydipsia: This is a hallmark symptom of diabetes insipidus. It refers to excessive thirst due to the body’s inability to retain water, leading to dehydration and compensatory increased fluid intake.

C. Weight gain: Weight gain is not typically associated with diabetes insipidus. The condition usually leads to weight loss due to fluid loss.

D. Oliguria: Oliguria (reduced urine output) is the opposite of what occurs in diabetes insipidus. The condition is characterized by polyuria, or excessive urination, due to the kidneys' inability to concentrate urine.

A. Pericarditis B. Valvular heart disease C. Endocarditis D. Congestive heart failure

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

This condition is an inflammation of the pericardium, which is the thin layer of tissue that surrounds and protects the heart. The inflammation can cause fluid to accumulate in the pericardial space, which can compress the heart and impair its function. The symptoms of pericarditis may include chest pain that worsens with breathing or lying down, shortness of breath, fever, chills, sweating, or low blood pressure.

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Which respiratory finding is expected in an attempt to compensate for metabolic acidosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What is a common characteristic of diabetes insipidus?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient has sharp, sudden chest pain and difficulty breathing. The physical exam reveals clammy skin and low blood pressure. The diagnostic procedure reveals inflammation in the saclike membrane of the heart muscle and a buildup of fluid. Which disorder is described?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Which respiratory finding is expected in an attempt to compensate for metabolic acidosis?