Which manifestation of inflammation is systemic?
Redness and heat
Fever and leukocytosis
Pain and edema
Formation of exudates
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Redness and heat are local inflammatory signs, occurring at the injury site due to vasodilation. Systemic manifestations, like fever and leukocytosis, affect the whole body, reflecting immune activation, so this is incorrect for systemic inflammation.
Choice B reason: Fever and leukocytosis are systemic manifestations of inflammation, involving the entire body. Fever results from cytokine release, and leukocytosis indicates increased white blood cells, both reflecting widespread immune response, making this the correct choice for systemic effects.
Choice C reason: Pain and edema are primarily local inflammatory responses, occurring at the site of injury or infection. Systemic effects, like fever and leukocytosis, involve broader physiological changes, so this is incorrect for systemic inflammation manifestations.
Choice D reason: Formation of exudates is a local inflammatory response, involving fluid leakage at the injury site. Systemic manifestations, such as fever and leukocytosis, affect the whole body, so this is incorrect for the systemic category of inflammation.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Smoking is a significant risk factor for ischemic stroke, contributing to vascular damage. However, hypertension has a stronger association, directly causing arterial stress and clot formation, so this is less critical than hypertension.
Choice B reason: Diabetes increases stroke risk by promoting atherosclerosis, but its impact is less immediate than hypertension, which directly elevates arterial pressure and stroke likelihood. Thus, diabetes is incorrect as the most significant factor.
Choice C reason: Hypertension is the most significant risk factor for ischemic stroke, as it damages arteries, promotes clot formation, and increases stroke incidence. Isky’s history highlights this as the primary contributor, making it correct.
Choice D reason: Age (65) is a stroke risk factor, but hypertension’s direct impact on vascular health outweighs age alone. Isky’s controllable risk factor, hypertension, is more significant, so this is incorrect.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Aspirin inhibits TXA2 synthesis, reducing platelet adhesion and clotting. This is a true mechanism of aspirin’s antiplatelet effect, so it’s incorrect as the exception.
Choice B reason: Aspirin reduces prostaglandin production, which decreases platelet aggregation. This is a valid antiplatelet mechanism, so it’s incorrect for the action aspirin does not perform.
Choice C reason: Aspirin does not inhibit fibrinogen-to-fibrin conversion; this is part of the coagulation cascade, not platelet function. Aspirin targets platelets, making this the correct action it doesn’t perform.
Choice D reason: Aspirin inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation, minimizing plug formation. This is a true antiplatelet effect, so it’s incorrect as the action aspirin does not do.
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