(1 point). Listen.
Which of the following conditions will the nurse observe documented on the cha, the patient has a rapid collection of fluid in the pericardial sac, resulting in tamponade?

Pericardial rub.

Pericardial effusion.

Cardiomyopathy.

Constrictive pericarditis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

Pericardial rub A pericardial rub is a clinical finding where a healthcare provider can hear a grating or scratching sound when listening to the heart using a stethoscope. It is a sign of inflammation of the pericardium (pericarditis) but is not necessarily associated with the rapid collection of fluid in the pericardial sac. Pericardial rub is more indicative of inflammation and not fluid accumulation.

Choice B rationale:

Pericardial effusion Pericardial effusion is the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac surrounding the heart. If the fluid accumulates rapidly, it can lead to cardiac tamponade, a life-threatening condition where the heart's ability to pump blood is compromised. The nurse should observe for signs and symptoms of pericardial effusion and its complications in the patient's chart when rapid fluid collection is suspected.

Choice C rationale:

Cardiomyopathy Cardiomyopathy is a condition characterized by abnormal heart muscle function. It can lead to heart failure and other cardiac issues, but it is not directly related to the rapid collection of fluid in the pericardial sac. The question specifically focuses on a condition resulting from the rapid accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac.

Choice D rationale:

Constrictive pericarditis Constrictive pericarditis is a condition in which the pericardium becomes thickened and rigid, restricting the heart's ability to expand and fill with blood. It is a chronic condition and not typically associated with a rapid collection of fluid in the pericardial sac. Rapid fluid accumulation leading to tamponade is more indicative of pericardial effusion, which is the correct answer.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

A systolic pressure between 130-139 mmHg and diastolic pressure between 80-89 mmHg is not considered normal. It falls within the range of prehypertension according to the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7), which classifies normal blood pressure as systolic pressure less than 120 mmHg and diastolic pressure less than 80 mmHg. The rationale for this choice is that the range provided does not align with the current standards for normal blood pressure.

Choice B rationale:

The correct answer is choice B because a systolic pressure greater than or equal to 140 mmHg and a diastolic pressure greater than or equal to 90 mmHg are indicative of hypertension, as per the JNC 7 guidelines. Normal blood pressure is defined as systolic pressure less than 120 mmHg and diastolic pressure less than 80 mmHg. Hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and requires medical attention and lifestyle modifications to manage. The rationale for this choice is that it correctly identifies the threshold for hypertension, which is crucial for patient assessment and care.

Choice C rationale:

A systolic pressure less than 120 mmHg and diastolic pressure less than 80 mmHg is indeed considered normal, according to JNC 7 guidelines. However, this choice does not provide an accurate representation of the guidelines as it lacks a systolic pressure range between 120 and 129 mmHg. This gap in the guidelines would lead to confusion when categorizing blood pressure, and the answer is therefore not correct.

Choice D rationale:

A systolic pressure between 120-129 mmHg and diastolic pressure less than 80 mmHg is categorized as elevated blood pressure, not normal. The JNC 7 guidelines clearly specify that normal blood pressure falls below 120 mmHg systolic and below 80 mmHg diastolic. This range is associated with an increased risk of hypertension and should not be considered normal. The rationale for this choice is that it provides an inaccurate representation of normal blood pressure as per the guidelines.

A. Mast cell. B. Neutrophil. C. Macrophage. D. Lymphocyte.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Mast cells are involved in the inflammatory response but are not the primary white blood cells responsible for the development of fatty streaks in atherosclerosis. Mast cells release histamines and other inflammatory mediators.

Choice B rationale:

Neutrophils are primarily responsible for fighting bacterial infections and are not the primary cells involved in atherosclerosis. While inflammation is a component of atherosclerosis, neutrophils are not the main cells responsible for the development of fatty plaques.

Choice C rationale:

Macrophages play a central role in atherosclerosis. They are responsible for engulfing oxidized LDL cholesterol in arterial walls, which then contributes to plaque formation. Macrophages play a pivotal role in the inflammatory response within the arterial walls, leading to atherosclerosis.

Choice D rationale:

Lymphocytes are involved in the immune response, but they are not the primary cells responsible for the development of fatty streaks in atherosclerosis. Lymphocytes play a role in the adaptive immune system and are not as directly involved in the early stages of atherosclerosis as macrophages.

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(1 point). Listen.Which of the following conditions will the nurse observe documented on the cha, the patient has a rapid collection of fluid in the pericardial sac, resulting in tamponade?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

(1 point):. Which guideline should the nurse use to determine normal blood pressure in a patient?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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(1 point). Listen.
Which of the following conditions will the nurse observe documented on the cha, the patient has a rapid collection of fluid in the pericardial sac, resulting in tamponade?