A 4-year-old child tells the nurse she will not eat peas because they are green.
Of what is this an example?
Artificialism.
Centering.
Egocentrism.
Animism.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Artificialism is a cognitive development concept proposed by Jean Piaget. It refers to a child's tendency to attribute human-made characteristics to natural objects or phenomena. In this case, the child associating the color green with peas as a reason not to eat them is an example of artificialism. The child is attributing the color to the object, assuming that all green things are peas, which is a typical thought process for a child at this age.
Choice B rationale:
Centering is not the appropriate concept in this scenario. Centering typically refers to a child's tendency to focus on one aspect of an object or situation while ignoring others. The child's statement about peas being green is more related to artificialism, where the child is making associations based on their limited understanding of the world.
Choice C rationale:
Egocentrism is another concept by Piaget, where children have difficulty understanding the perspective of others. It's not directly related to the child's statement about peas being green. Egocentrism would be more evident in situations where the child struggles to consider another person's viewpoint.
Choice D rationale:
Animism is a concept that relates to children attributing lifelike qualities or characteristics to inanimate objects or natural phenomena. While it shares similarities with artificialism, the child's statement about peas being green is more accurately described as artificialism because it involves attributing a human-made characteristic (color) to the object (peas).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
"The infant has ineffective digestive enzymes" (Choice A) is not the primary reason for offering iron-rich formula to a 6-month-old infant. While infants may have limited digestive enzymes, the primary reason for introducing iron-rich foods or formula at this age is related to their iron stores being depleted, not enzyme function.
Choice B rationale:
Choice B is the correct answer because at around 6 months of age, an infant's iron stores received from the mother during pregnancy start to deplete. Breast milk, which is often the sole source of nutrition for infants, may not provide sufficient iron to meet their growing needs. This is why it's important to introduce iron-rich foods or formula at this stage to ensure the infant continues to receive an adequate supply of this essential mineral.
Choice C rationale:
"The infant has a limited ability to produce red blood cells" (Choice C) is not the primary reason for introducing iron-rich formula. While iron is essential for red blood cell production, the primary concern at this stage is the depletion of iron stores from the mother.
Choice D rationale:
"The infant has a need for iron to support dentition" (Choice D) is not a valid explanation for introducing iron-rich formula to a 6-month-old infant. Iron is not primarily related to the development of teeth, and this statement does not address the key nutritional needs of the infant at this age.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Keeping the infant's room well lit is not the best action to address lethargy. While adequate lighting is important, the primary concern in this situation is the infant's health and well-being, and manipulating the room lighting will not directly address the issue.
Choice B rationale:
Rubbing the infant's soles vigorously is not the most appropriate action for a lethargic infant. Lethargy may be a sign of an underlying medical issue, and vigorous rubbing of the soles is unlikely to resolve the problem.
Choice C rationale:
Offering the infant a pacifier may provide comfort in certain situations but is not the best action for a lethargic infant. Lethargy in an infant requires further assessment to determine the underlying cause and appropriate interventions.
Choice D rationale:
Handling the infant slowly and gently is the most appropriate action in this scenario. Lethargy in a 10-month-old infant can be a sign of illness or discomfort, and gentle handling is crucial to ensure the infant's well-being. The infant should be assessed for any signs of illness or distress and, if necessary, brought to a healthcare provider for further evaluation.
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