A client has been diagnosed with Ebola virus disease (EVD) Which of the following statements regarding the case fatality rate of EVD is accurate?
The case fatality rate of EVD is always 90% or higher.
The case fatality rate of EVD is around 25% on average.
The case fatality rate of EVD varies depending on the virus species and quality of care provided.
The case fatality rate of EVD is the same regardless of the treatment received.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
The case fatality rate of EVD being always 90% or higher is inaccurate. While EVD can have high case fatality rates during outbreaks, it is not a fixed percentage and can vary.
Choice B rationale:
The case fatality rate of EVD being around 25% on average is also inaccurate. This value is too low compared to historical outbreaks.
Choice C rationale:
This is the correct answer. The case fatality rate of EVD indeed varies depending on factors like the specific virus species involved, the quality of medical care, and the available resources in the affected area. Case fatality rates can range from approximately 25% to over 90%, depending on these factors.
Choice D rationale:
The case fatality rate of EVD being the same regardless of the treatment received is incorrect. Adequate medical care and supportive treatments can significantly impact the outcome and lower the fatality rate.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Sending the client home with symptomatic relief medications is not appropriate for suspected Ebola virus disease (EVD) EVD is a serious and highly infectious disease that requires immediate isolation and contact tracing to prevent its spread.
Choice B rationale:
Initiating contact tracing for 14 days is the correct nursing action. Ebola is transmitted through direct contact with blood, body fluids, and tissues of infected animals or people. Identifying and monitoring individuals who may have been exposed is crucial to preventing further transmission.
Choice C rationale:
Encouraging the client to self-isolate for 24 hours is insufficient. Ebola has an incubation period of 2 to 21 days, during which the client may become symptomatic. Isolating for only 24 hours does not adequately address the potential for transmission.
Choice D rationale:
Providing over-the-counter antiviral medication is not an appropriate action for suspected EVD. There is no specific antiviral treatment for Ebola, and symptomatic management alone would not address the potential for spread.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Blood culture. While blood cultures can detect certain infections, they are not the primary diagnostic test for Ebola virus disease (EVD) EVD is typically confirmed through molecular methods.
Choice B rationale:
Chest X-ray. A chest X-ray may show nonspecific findings but is not a specific diagnostic test for EVD.
Choice C rationale:
Urinalysis. Urinalysis is not a primary diagnostic test for EVD. The virus is primarily detected through blood samples.
Choice D rationale:
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) This is correct. ELISA is used to detect antibodies or antigens in the blood. It can be used to confirm the presence of Ebola virus antigens or antibodies, aiding in the diagnosis of EVD.
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