A client has been diagnosed with Ebola virus disease (EVD) Which of the following statements regarding the case fatality rate of EVD is accurate?
The case fatality rate of EVD is always 90% or higher.
The case fatality rate of EVD is around 25% on average.
The case fatality rate of EVD varies depending on the virus species and quality of care provided.
The case fatality rate of EVD is the same regardless of the treatment received.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
The case fatality rate of EVD being always 90% or higher is inaccurate. While EVD can have high case fatality rates during outbreaks, it is not a fixed percentage and can vary.
Choice B rationale:
The case fatality rate of EVD being around 25% on average is also inaccurate. This value is too low compared to historical outbreaks.
Choice C rationale:
This is the correct answer. The case fatality rate of EVD indeed varies depending on factors like the specific virus species involved, the quality of medical care, and the available resources in the affected area. Case fatality rates can range from approximately 25% to over 90%, depending on these factors.
Choice D rationale:
The case fatality rate of EVD being the same regardless of the treatment received is incorrect. Adequate medical care and supportive treatments can significantly impact the outcome and lower the fatality rate.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Ebola virus disease (EVD) is not treated with antibiotics. EVD is caused by a virus, not a bacterial infection. It requires supportive care and management of symptoms.
Choice B rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Seeking medical attention is crucial if someone experiences symptoms of EVD, such as fever, fatigue, muscle pain, headache, and more. Delaying medical care can worsen the condition and increase the risk of transmission.
Choice C rationale:
This statement is incorrect. EVD can be transmitted through various routes, including direct contact with infected bodily fluids, not just sexual contact. It is important to provide accurate information to the client to prevent misunderstandings.
Choice D rationale:
This statement is correct. Assuring the client that necessary precautions will be taken to protect them and others from spreading the disease is appropriate. This helps alleviate fears and fosters trust in the healthcare team.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
An elevated platelet count is less likely in a patient with EVD. Thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) is a common laboratory finding in EVD due to the virus's impact on the bone marrow.
Choice B rationale:
Decreased liver enzymes is less likely. EVD can lead to elevated liver enzymes due to liver damage caused by the virus.
Choice C rationale:
This is the correct answer. A decreased white blood cell count, specifically lymphocytes, is expected in a patient with EVD. The virus can lead to suppression of the immune system, including a decrease in white blood cell counts.
Choice D rationale:
Elevated serum creatinine levels are not a typical finding in EVD. Kidney dysfunction is not a primary feature of the disease, so elevated creatinine levels are less likely.
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