A patient arrives at the emergency department with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. A physical examination reveals acute pain at the McBurney point. A CT scan confirms the diagnosis, and surgery is immediately scheduled to prevent peritonitis. Based on this information, which diagnosis is described?
Inguinal hernia
Gastroenteritis
Cholelithiasis
Acute appendicitis
The Correct Answer is D
Acute appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch attached to the large intestine that has no known function. It can cause abdominal pain that usually starts around the navel and then shifts to the lower right quadrant, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fever, and constipation or diarrhea. The McBurney point is a spot located about two-thirds of the way from the navel to the right hip bone that is tender when pressed in patients with appendicitis. A CT scan can show signs of inflammation and enlargement of the appendix and rule out other causes of abdominal pain. Surgery (appendectomy) is the standard treatment for appendicitis to remove the inflamed appendix and prevent complications such as peritonitis (infection of the lining of the abdominal cavity) or abscess (collection of pus) formation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A cerebral concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury that occurs when a blow to the head causes the brain to move rapidly inside the skull, resulting in temporary changes in brain function. A concussion can cause confusion, memory loss, impaired concentration, dizziness, headache, nausea, blurred vision, and mood changes. Most concussions resolve within a few days or weeks with rest and monitoring.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy and usually resolves after delivery. It is characterized by high blood glucose levels that can affect the health of both the mother and the fetus. Polydipsia (excessive thirst) and polyphagia (excessive hunger) are common symptoms of hyperglycemia (high blood glucose). Incontinence may occur due to increased pressure on the bladder from the growing uterus or from nerve damage caused by diabetes. An A1C test measures the average blood glucose level over the past two to three months and is used to diagnose and monitor diabetes. A normal A1C level is below 5.7%, while a level of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes.
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