A patient arrives at the emergency department with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. A physical examination reveals acute pain at the McBurney point. A CT scan confirms the diagnosis, and surgery is immediately scheduled to prevent peritonitis. Based on this information, which diagnosis is described?
Inguinal hernia
Gastroenteritis
Cholelithiasis
Acute appendicitis
The Correct Answer is D
Acute appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch attached to the large intestine that has no known function. It can cause abdominal pain that usually starts around the navel and then shifts to the lower right quadrant, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fever, and constipation or diarrhea. The McBurney point is a spot located about two-thirds of the way from the navel to the right hip bone that is tender when pressed in patients with appendicitis. A CT scan can show signs of inflammation and enlargement of the appendix and rule out other causes of abdominal pain. Surgery (appendectomy) is the standard treatment for appendicitis to remove the inflamed appendix and prevent complications such as peritonitis (infection of the lining of the abdominal cavity) or abscess (collection of pus) formation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a hormone produced by the parathyroid glands, which are located behind the thyroid gland in the neck. PTH regulates the calcium levels in the blood by stimulating the release of calcium from the bones, increasing the absorption of calcium from the intestines, and decreasing the excretion of calcium from the kidneys. When the calcium levels in the blood are low, PTH is secreted to raise them back to normal.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Acidosis is a condition where the blood's pH is lowered due to an excess of H+ in the body. This can occur due to metabolic causes, such as diabetes, kidney failure, ingestion of toxins, or respiratory causes, such as hypoventilation or lung disease. The body has several mechanisms to compensate for acidosis and restore the normal pH balance. One of them is to increase the rate and depth of breathing, which helps to remove CO2 from the body and reduce the formation of H2CO3.
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