A patient arrives at the emergency department with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. A physical examination reveals acute pain at the McBurney point. A CT scan confirms the diagnosis, and surgery is immediately scheduled to prevent peritonitis. Based on this information, which diagnosis is described?
Inguinal hernia
Gastroenteritis
Cholelithiasis
Acute appendicitis
The Correct Answer is D
Acute appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch attached to the large intestine that has no known function. It can cause abdominal pain that usually starts around the navel and then shifts to the lower right quadrant, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fever, and constipation or diarrhea. The McBurney point is a spot located about two-thirds of the way from the navel to the right hip bone that is tender when pressed in patients with appendicitis. A CT scan can show signs of inflammation and enlargement of the appendix and rule out other causes of abdominal pain. Surgery (appendectomy) is the standard treatment for appendicitis to remove the inflamed appendix and prevent complications such as peritonitis (infection of the lining of the abdominal cavity) or abscess (collection of pus) formation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A thrombus is a blood clot that forms inside a blood vessel or the heart, which can obstruct blood flow and cause complications such as ischemia or embolism. One of the factors that predispose thrombus formation is stasis of blood flow, which means slow or stagnant movement of blood in a vessel or chamber, which can allow platelets and fibrin to accumulate and form a clot.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Cushing syndrome is a condition that occurs when the body is exposed to high levels of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. Cortisol helps regulate metabolism, blood pressure, immune function, and stress response.
However, excess cortisol can cause various problems, such as weight gain, moon face (round and puffy face), buffalo hump (fat accumulation on the upper back), purple striae (stretch marks), irregular periods, weakness, emotional changes, and easy bruising. One of the causes of Cushing syndrome is the overproduction of ACTH by the pituitary gland, which stimulates the adrenal glands to produce more cortisol.
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