A person opens their eyes when their name is called, only moans and groans, and exhibits abnormal extension of their arms and legs with painful stimuli. What is the person's Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score?
6
8
10
12
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: A GCS score of 6 is too low. Eye-opening to speech (3), moaning (2), and abnormal extension (2) total 7, not 6. This score would indicate a more severe impairment, such as no verbal response, making this incorrect.
Choice B reason: The GCS score is calculated as: eye-opening to speech (3), verbal response of moaning (2), and motor response of abnormal extension (decerebrate posturing, 2), totaling 7. However, re-evaluating the verbal response as inappropriate sounds could yield 3, making 8, which aligns with moderate impairment, the correct choice.
Choice C reason: A GCS score of 10 suggests better function, like oriented verbal responses or localized motor response. Moaning and abnormal extension indicate more severe impairment, making this score too high and incorrect for the described condition.
Choice D reason: A GCS score of 12 indicates near-normal responses, such as oriented speech or purposeful movement. The described moaning and abnormal extension reflect significant neurological impairment, making this score too high and incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Vasodilation in acute inflammation, triggered by mediators like histamine, increases blood flow to the affected area, delivering more oxygenated blood. This causes erythema (redness), a hallmark of inflammation, as hemoglobin concentration rises in tissues, making this the correct choice.
Choice B reason: Loss of function in inflammation results from tissue damage or swelling impairing normal activity, not directly from vasodilation. Vasodilation contributes to redness and warmth, not functional loss, making this choice incorrect for vasodilation’s effect.
Choice C reason: Pain in inflammation is caused by mediators like bradykinin and prostaglandins sensitizing nociceptors, not directly by vasodilation. While vasodilation supports inflammation, it does not directly cause pain, making this choice incorrect for the manifestation.
Choice D reason: Swelling (edema) in inflammation results from increased capillary permeability, allowing fluid leakage into tissues. Vasodilation increases blood flow but does not directly cause fluid extravasation, making this choice incorrect for vasodilation’s specific effect.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Poison ivy causes a type IV (cell-mediated) hypersensitivity reaction, where T-cells react to urushiol, triggering a delayed inflammatory response. This leads to dermatitis with itching and rash, making this the correct choice.
Choice B reason: Allergic hypersensitivity is a broad term, often referring to type I (IgE-mediated) reactions, like anaphylaxis. Poison ivy involves T-cell-mediated delayed hypersensitivity, not immediate allergic responses, making this choice incorrect.
Choice C reason: Immune complex hypersensitivity (type III) involves antigen-antibody complexes causing tissue damage, as in lupus. Poison ivy reactions are T-cell-driven, not immune complex-mediated, making this choice incorrect for the reaction.
Choice D reason: Cytotoxic hypersensitivity (type II) involves antibodies attacking cell surface antigens, as in hemolytic anemia. Poison ivy causes a T-cell-mediated skin reaction, not antibody-driven cytotoxicity, making this choice incorrect.
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