What characteristics describe an acute infection?
Symptoms occur in a confined specific location on the body.
Symptoms are severe, occur rapidly, but are short-lived.
Symptoms are not apparent and persist over a long period of time.
Symptoms are less severe and persist over a long period of time.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Acute infections are not defined by location but by rapid onset and severity. While some infections may be localized, the hallmark is their abrupt, intense presentation, resolving quickly with treatment or spontaneously, making this choice incomplete and incorrect for fully describing acute infections.
Choice B reason: Acute infections are characterized by rapid onset, severe symptoms, and short duration, typically resolving within days to weeks. This reflects the body’s immediate immune response to pathogens, causing intense but transient symptoms, such as fever or pain, making this the correct choice.
Choice C reason: Non-apparent, prolonged symptoms describe subclinical or chronic infections, not acute ones. Acute infections present with noticeable, severe symptoms that resolve quickly, not persisting asymptomatically, making this choice incorrect for the characteristics of acute infections.
Choice D reason: Less severe, prolonged symptoms describe chronic infections, like tuberculosis, not acute infections. Acute infections feature rapid, intense symptoms that resolve quickly, not mild symptoms over time, making this choice incorrect for describing acute infections.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hypoparathyroidism causes hypocalcemia due to low parathyroid hormone, reducing bone resorption and calcium absorption. Hypercalcemia requires increased calcium mobilization, which hypoparathyroidism prevents, making this choice incorrect for a person at risk of hypercalcemia.
Choice B reason: Chronic renal failure typically causes hypocalcemia due to impaired vitamin D activation and phosphate retention, binding calcium. Hypercalcemia is rare unless overtreated with calcium supplements, making this choice incorrect for typical renal failure scenarios.
Choice C reason: Low plasma albumin reduces bound calcium, lowering total serum calcium, not causing hypercalcemia. Free calcium may remain normal, but total calcium decreases, making this choice incorrect for a person at risk of hypercalcemia.
Choice D reason: Bedbound, immobile individuals are at risk for hypercalcemia due to increased bone resorption from lack of weight-bearing activity. Osteoclasts break down bone, releasing calcium into the blood, causing hypercalcemia, making this the correct choice.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Cell-mediated immunity, part of adaptive immunity, targets specific pathogens after exposure, not species-specific barriers. It is not the primary defense against cross-species transmission, making this choice incorrect for species-specific immunity.
Choice B reason: Natural immunity is a vague term, often meaning innate or acquired immunity. It is not specifically species-specific, as innate immunity provides the primary barrier to zoonotic diseases, making this choice incorrect.
Choice C reason: Acquired immunity develops after exposure or vaccination, targeting specific pathogens. It is not species-specific and does not primarily prevent animal-to-human disease spread, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: Innate immunity, including species-specific barriers like skin and mucosal defenses, prevents pathogen transmission across species. These non-specific mechanisms reduce zoonotic disease risk, making this the correct choice for species-specific immunity.
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