There are 2 types of parenteral nutrition, Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) and Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition (PPN). TPN must be administered using:
NGT
Orally
Central Line
Peripheral line
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: NGT (nasogastric tube) is used for enteral feeding, not parenteral nutrition. Enteral feeding involves delivering nutrients directly to the stomach or small intestine, bypassing the need for eating. This method is suitable for patients who have a functioning digestive system but cannot eat orally. Parenteral nutrition, on the other hand, involves delivering nutrients directly into the bloodstream.
Choice B reason: Oral administration of nutrition involves consuming food or nutrients by mouth. This method is suitable for individuals who can eat and digest food normally. Parenteral nutrition bypasses the digestive system altogether and delivers nutrients directly into the bloodstream, making oral administration inappropriate for TPN.
Choice C reason: Central Line is the correct answer because Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) requires delivery of nutrients directly into a central vein, typically the superior vena cava. This is because TPN solutions are highly concentrated and can irritate smaller veins, leading to complications such as phlebitis. A central line allows for the safe administration of TPN, ensuring that the high osmolarity solution is rapidly diluted by the large volume of blood in the central veins.
Choice D reason: Peripheral line administration is used for Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition (PPN), not TPN. PPN can be delivered through a peripheral vein because it is less concentrated than TPN. Using a peripheral line for TPN is not appropriate due to the risk of complications from the high osmolarity of the TPN solution.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Exercise has been shown to decrease the cardiovascular effects of excessive glucose. Regular physical activity helps improve cardiovascular health by reducing blood pressure, improving cholesterol levels, and enhancing blood flow. In individuals with type 2 diabetes, exercise can help lower blood glucose levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications, which are common in diabetes due to chronic high blood glucose levels.
Choice B reason: Skeletal muscles can indeed use glucose without a proportionate insulin amount during exercise. This is because exercise increases insulin sensitivity and allows muscles to take up glucose more efficiently. As a result, physical activity can help lower blood glucose levels and improve overall glucose control in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Choice C reason: Exercise decreases stress, which is beneficial for individuals with type 2 diabetes. Physical activity helps release endorphins, which are natural stress relievers. Lower stress levels can help improve blood glucose control, as stress hormones like cortisol can raise blood glucose levels. Therefore, reducing stress through exercise can contribute to better diabetes management.
Choice D reason: All of the above reasons are correct. Exercise is encouraged in type 2 diabetes because it provides multiple benefits, including improving cardiovascular health, enhancing glucose uptake by skeletal muscles, and reducing stress levels. These combined effects help improve overall blood glucose control and reduce the risk of complications associated with type 2 diabetes.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Edema refers to the accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces of tissues, leading to swelling. While it involves fluid retention, it does not specifically describe fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity.
Choice B reason: Third spacing refers to the abnormal accumulation of fluid in areas where it is not normally found, such as the peritoneal cavity, pleural cavity, or pericardial sac. In the context of the peritoneal cavity, this condition is known as ascites, a type of third spacing.
Choice C reason: Blanching refers to the whitening of the skin when pressure is applied, which is often used as a sign to assess capillary refill time. It does not relate to fluid accumulation.
Choice D reason: Pitting edema refers to a type of edema where pressing on the swollen area leaves an indentation or "pit" that takes time to refill. While it is a type of fluid retention, it does not specifically describe fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity.
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