Which ethical principle refers to acting in ways that avoid harm to others, including even the risk of harm?

Choice A reason: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is a psychological theory that outlines the stages of growth in humans. It does not specifically focus on sociocultural influences but rather on fulfilling individual needs in a set order, from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.

Choice B reason: The Cultural Competence Model emphasizes understanding and responding to the cultural and linguistic needs of patients. While it acknowledges the importance of culture in healthcare, it is not centered on the broad sociocultural influences on beliefs and behaviors.

Choice C reason: The Social-Ecological Model recognizes the interwoven relationship between individuals and their environments. It highlights how personal and environmental factors, including sociocultural influences, shape behaviors and beliefs across multiple levels of society.

Choice D reason: Erikson's Theory of Development, or Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, focuses on the development of the human personality through eight stages from infancy to adulthood. It considers social interactions but is not primarily concerned with sociocultural influences.

Choice A reason: Private health care refers to health services provided by entities that are not owned or operated by the government. These services are typically funded through private insurance or out-of-pocket payments rather than through taxes. They operate independently of government control and political parties, focusing on individual or group health needs.

Choice B reason: Community health care can be either publicly or privately operated. It focuses on the health of individuals within a community and may receive funding and support from various sources, including government programs, but it is not exclusively non-governmental.

Choice C reason: Public health care is provided by government-run agencies and is funded by taxes. It is inherently affiliated with the government and, by extension, can be influenced by political parties and policies.

Choice D reason: An agency can be either public or private. The term "agency" alone does not specify whether it is affiliated with the government or political parties. Therefore, it cannot be determined without additional context.