Which statement about food and drug interactions is true?

Patient preference is the food and drug interaction of most concern.

Foods alter drug absorption and metabolism but not drug action.

Some foods, such as grapefruit, can interact with CYP isoenzymes and alter drug metabolism.

All medications are best absorbed with food.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Patient preference is not a primary concern in food-drug interactions; physiological effects are. Grapefruit’s impact on metabolism is significant, so this is incorrect for the true statement.

Choice B reason: Foods can alter absorption and metabolism, but some also affect drug action (e.g., tyramine with MAOIs). This statement is incomplete, making it incorrect compared to grapefruit’s specific effect.

Choice C reason: Grapefruit inhibits CYP isoenzymes, altering drug metabolism and increasing drug levels. This is a well-documented interaction, making it the correct true statement about food-drug interactions.

Choice D reason: Not all medications are best absorbed with food; some require empty stomachs. Grapefruit’s metabolic interaction is more accurate, so this is incorrect for the true statement.

Nursing Test Bank

Test Bank #1: RN Pharmacology Exams Test Bank #2: RN Medical-Surgical Exams Test Bank #3: RN Fundamentals Exams Test Bank #4: RN Maternal-Newborn Exams Test Bank #5: RN Anatomy and Physiology Exams Test Bank #6: RN Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Test Bank #7: RN Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Test Bank #9: RN Adult Health Test Bank #10: RN Dosage Calculation Test Bank #11: RN Community Health Exams Test Bank #12: RN Psychology Exams Test Bank #13: RN Nursing Care Of Children Test Bank #14: RN Foundations of Nursing Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Exam #1: RN Comprehensive predictor 2023 proctored exam Exam #2: Ati rn vati comprehensive predictor proctored exam Exam #3: Ati Rn Comprehensive Predictor Proctored Exam 2023 Exam #4: Rn Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Proctored Exam - St. Joseph Exam #5: RN Comprehensive Predictor Proctored Exam (National U CA San Diego) Exam #6: Ati rn comprehensive predictor 2023 retake proctored exam Exam #7: RN Hesi Exit Proctored Exam Exam #8: Hesi RN Exit proctored exam Exam #9: Hesi rn exit proctored exam Exam #10: Hesi Rn compass exit B proctored exam

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Metoprolol (beta-blocker) and furosemide (loop diuretic) are commonly used in heart failure. Furosemide may lower potassium, counteracting hyperkalemia (5.5 mEq/L), and metoprolol doesn’t significantly affect potassium. This combination poses less risk for hyperkalemia exacerbation, making it less concerning than potassium-sparing combinations.

Choice B reason: Furosemide promotes potassium excretion, potentially reducing hyperkalemia (5.5 mEq/L), while enalapril (ACE inhibitor) may increase potassium. However, furosemide’s effect often offsets enalapril’s, making this combination less likely to worsen hyperkalemia significantly compared to two potassium-sparing drugs, so this choice is less critical.

Choice C reason: Captopril (ACE inhibitor) and spironolactone (potassium-sparing diuretic) both increase potassium levels by reducing aldosterone activity, exacerbating hyperkalemia (5.5 mEq/L). In heart failure, this combination risks severe hyperkalemia, causing arrhythmias, making it the most concerning interaction requiring close monitoring or adjustment.

Choice D reason: Amlodipine (calcium channel blocker) and propranolol (beta-blocker) primarily affect blood pressure and heart rate, not potassium levels. Their interaction may cause bradycardia or hypotension but doesn’t worsen hyperkalemia (5.5 mEq/L), making this combination less concerning for the patient’s current electrolyte status.

A. Suppression of preterm labor B. Heart block C. Essential hypertension D. Hypocalcemia E. Cardiac dysrhythmias

Correct Answer is ["C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Verapamil is not used for preterm labor; calcium channel blockers like nifedipine are preferred. Verapamil targets cardiovascular conditions, so this is incorrect for its therapeutic use.

Choice B reason: Verapamil is contraindicated in heart block, as it slows conduction. It is used for hypertension and dysrhythmias, not conduction blocks, so this is incorrect.

Choice C reason: Verapamil is a channel blocker used for essential hypertension, effectively reducing blood pressure by relaxing vessels. This is a standard use, making it a correct choice.

Choice D reason: Hypocalcemia is not treated with verapamil; it may worsen with calcium channel blockers. Cardiovascular indications are primary, so this is incorrect.

Choice E reason: Verapamil is used for cardiac dysrhythmias, such as supraventricular tachycardia, by slowing heart rate. This is a recognized indication, making it a correct choice.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

Which statement about food and drug interactions is true?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing a patient’s medications before administration. Which drug-to-drug interactions will most concern the nurse in a patient with a history of heart failure and a potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which are therapeutic uses of verapamil? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["C","E"]

Explanation

A patient with type 1 diabetes reports mixing NPH and regular insulin to allow for one injection. The nurse knows:

A patient newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes asks a nurse, “How does insulin normally work in my body?” The nurse explains that normal insulin has which action in the body?

A nurse provides discharge instructions for a patient who is taking acetaminophen [Tylenol] after surgery. The nurse should instruct the patient to avoid which product while taking acetaminophen?

A nurse is caring for a patient with decreased triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) and elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. The nurse knows the patient is likely suffering from what?

A patient who stops taking an ACE inhibitor because of its side effects will begin taking an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) medication. Which side effect of ACE inhibitors will not occur with an ARB medication?

Using a stepwise approach to managing asthma, a nurse teaches a patient who is at step 1 that their albuterol MDI (Proventil) is used:

The nurse is preparing to give a drug that will prevent receptor activation. Which term would describe this drug?

A patient tells the nurse that she takes aspirin for menstrual cramps, but she does not feel that it works well. What will the nurse suggest?