Choice A reason: Johnson's Behavioral Systems Model focuses on how the client's behavior affects their health and well-being. It does not provide specific suggestions for enhancing caring moments.

Choice B reason: Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relationships emphasizes the importance of the nurse-client relationship and the role of the nurse as a counselor, teacher, and leader. It does not offer ten suggestions for maximizing caring moments.

Choice C reason: Nightingale's Environmental Theory states that the nurse's role is to manipulate the environment to promote the client's health and recovery. It does not address the concept of caring moments.

Choice D reason: Watson's Theory of Human Caring proposes that caring is the essence of nursing and that the nurse should create a caring relationship with the client. It offers ten carative factors or suggestions for maximizing caring moments, such as practicing loving-kindness, being present, cultivating spiritual practices, and creating a healing environment.

Choice A reason: This is not the main purpose of educating the client. The client may or may not teach others about their medications, but that is not the nurse's responsibility.

Choice B reason: This is the best answer. Educating the client helps them understand their health status, treatment options, and self-care needs. This empowers them to make informed decisions that affect their health and well-being.

Choice C reason: This is not a valid reason for educating the client. The client may still need the nurse's assistance even after receiving education. The nurse's role is to support the client, not to make them independent.

Choice D reason: This is not a good reason for educating the client. The client should not advise others on their medical conditions, as this may lead to misinformation or harm. The client should refer others to qualified health professionals for advice.

Choice A reason: This is the best answer. Patient-centered care is a model of care that respects the client's preferences, values, and needs. By involving the client in problem-solving and decision-making, the nurse empowers the client and promotes their autonomy and dignity.

Choice B reason: This is not a good answer. Delivering all requests made by the client may not be feasible, ethical, or beneficial for the client. The nurse should assess the client's requests and determine if they are appropriate and aligned with the client's goals of care.

Choice C reason: This is a poor answer. Disregarding visiting hours is not patient-centered care, but rather a violation of the health care facility's policies and procedures. Visiting hours are established to ensure the safety and comfort of all clients and staff.

Choice D reason: This is a bad answer. Using only the decisions you feel are best for the client is not patient-centered care, but rather paternalistic care. Paternalistic care is a model of care that assumes the nurse knows what is best for the client and imposes their decisions on the client without their consent or input.

Choice A reason: This is a partial answer. It is helpful in understanding client actions, but it is not the main reason for nurses to understand growth and developmental stages.

Choice B reason: This is a vague answer. It provides important background information, but it does not explain how that information is used in nursing practice.

Choice C reason: This is the best answer. It helps in planning interventions that will result in best outcomes, because it allows the nurse to tailor the care to the client's specific needs, abilities, and expectations based on their stage of growth and development.

Choice D reason: This is a weak answer. It is important to teach the client about what stage they are in, but it is not the primary reason for nurses to understand growth and developmental stages. Teaching the client about their stage of growth and development may be one of the interventions that the nurse plans, but it is not the goal of understanding growth and developmental stages.

Choice A reason: This is not the most significant factor. The client's popularity may change over time or depend on external factors. The client may also face peer pressure or bullying from their friends.

Choice B reason: This is not the most significant factor. The client's academic performance may vary depending on the difficulty of the subjects, the quality of the teachers, or the availability of resources. The client may also experience stress or anxiety from the expectations of their parents or teachers.

Choice C reason: This is the best answer. The client's self-esteem is the most important factor that will help them cope with negative stressors. Self-esteem is the degree to which the client values and respects themselves. A positive self-esteem will enable the client to have confidence, resilience, and optimism in facing challenges and opportunities.

Choice D reason: This is not the most significant factor. The client's family support may be beneficial, but it may not be enough to protect them from negative stressors. The client may also have conflicts or disagreements with their siblings.

Choice A reason: This is not the statement that the nurse will prioritize. The client may want the instructions written out for convenience or clarity, but it does not indicate their level of self-efficacy.

Choice B reason: This is not the statement that the nurse will prioritize. The client may not have changed the dressing by themselves yet, but it does not mean that they cannot do it. The client may just need more practice or guidance.

Choice C reason: This is not the statement that the nurse will prioritize. The client may want their son to help them for emotional or physical support, but it does not reflect their self-efficacy.

Choice D reason: This is the statement that the nurse will prioritize. The client expresses a negative belief about their ability to perform the dressing change. This indicates that the client has low self-efficacy, which is the confidence in one's ability to accomplish a specific task. The nurse should address this statement by providing positive feedback, encouragement, and reassurance to the client. The nurse should also demonstrate the steps of the dressing change and allow the client to practice under supervision.

Choice A reason: This is not the most critical stage for developing a healthy self-concept. Infancy is the stage of life from birth to 18 months, where the main psychosocial task is to develop trust versus mistrust. The infant's self-concept is not fully formed yet, but depends on the quality of the caregiver-infant relationship.

Choice B reason: This is the best answer. Adolescence is the stage of life from 12 to 18 years, where the main psychosocial task is to develop identity versus role confusion. The adolescent's self-concept is challenged by physical, cognitive, emotional, and social changes. The adolescent needs to explore and integrate different aspects of their self, such as their values, beliefs, goals, and roles. A healthy self-concept will help the adolescent to achieve a sense of identity, autonomy, and competence.

Choice C reason: This is not the most critical stage for developing a healthy self-concept. Middle adulthood is the stage of life from 40 to 65 years, where the main psychosocial task is to develop generativity versus stagnation. The middle adult's self-concept is influenced by their achievements, responsibilities, and relationships. The middle adult needs to find meaning and purpose in their life by contributing to society and the next generation. A healthy self-concept will help the middle adult to cope with the challenges of aging, work, and family.

Choice D reason: This is not the most critical stage for developing a healthy self-concept. Late adulthood is the stage of life from 65 years and older, where the main psychosocial task is to develop integrity versus despair. The late adult's self-concept is based on their life review and evaluation. The late adult needs to accept their past and present, and face their mortality. A healthy self-concept will help the late adult to achieve a sense of wisdom, dignity, and satisfaction.

Choice A reason: This is not the most concerning factor. Poor nutritional habits may affect the client's physical health, but they are not directly related to the client's psychosocial well-being. The nurse can educate the client on the benefits of a balanced diet and provide nutritional counseling if needed.

Choice B reason: This is not the most concerning factor. A lack of exercise may affect the client's physical health, but it is not directly related to the client's psychosocial well-being. The nurse can encourage the client to engage in physical activity that suits their preferences and abilities, and provide exercise guidance if needed.

Choice C reason: This is the best answer. A low self-esteem may affect the client's mental and emotional health, and it is directly related to the client's psychosocial well-being. The nurse should assess the client's self-esteem and identify the factors that contribute to it, such as their self-image, self-talk, and self-efficacy. The nurse should also provide positive feedback, support, and empowerment to the client, and refer them to counseling or therapy if needed.

Choice D reason: This is not the most concerning factor. The need for long-term antibiotics may affect the client's physical health, but it is not directly related to the client's psychosocial well-being. The nurse can educate the client on the indications, side effects, and precautions of the antibiotics, and monitor the client's response and compliance to the medication.

Choice A reason: This is not the correct stage. Trust vs mistrust is the first psychosocial stage, which occurs from birth to 18 months. The main task of this stage is to develop a sense of trust in the caregivers and the environment.

Choice B reason: This is not the correct stage. Autonomy vs shame and doubt is the second psychosocial stage, which occurs from 18 months to 3 years. The main task of this stage is to develop a sense of independence and self-control.

Choice C reason: This is not the correct stage. Initiative vs guilt is the third psychosocial stage, which occurs from 3 to 6 years. The main task of this stage is to develop a sense of initiative and creativity.

Choice D reason: This is the best answer. Industry vs inferiority is the fourth psychosocial stage, which occurs from 6 to 12 years. The main task of this stage is to develop a sense of competence and achievement in social and school activities.

Choice A reason: This is the best answer. Identity vs role confusion is the fifth psychosocial stage, which occurs from 12 to 18 years. The main task of this stage is to develop a sense of identity and personal values.

Choice B reason: This is not the correct stage. Intimacy vs isolation is the sixth psychosocial stage, which occurs from 18 to 40 years. The main task of this stage is to develop a sense of intimacy and commitment in relationships.

Choice C reason: This is not the correct stage. Integrity vs despair is the eighth and final psychosocial stage, which occurs from 65 years and older. The main task of this stage is to develop a sense of integrity and acceptance of one's life.

Choice D reason: This is not the correct stage. Generativity vs stagnation is the seventh psychosocial stage, which occurs from 40 to 65 years. The main task of this stage is to develop a sense of generativity and contribution to society.