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Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia is incorrect because prednisone, a corticosteroid, typically causes hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia. Corticosteroids increase blood glucose levels by stimulating gluconeogenesis, reducing peripheral glucose uptake, and promoting insulin resistance. Therefore, the client is at increased risk of high blood sugar, not low blood sugar.

The dose of prednisone is determined by the provider for asthma management. Increasing the dose without provider direction is unsafe and would worsen hyperglycemia and potential steroid-related complications.

Although corticosteroids can cause fluid retention, fluid restriction is not appropriate or safe unless the client has another condition requiring restriction (e.g., heart failure). Managing glucose levels is a much higher priority, and fluid restriction does not prevent steroid-induced hyperglycemia.

Freezing episodes can occur in Parkinson’s disease, often described as the patient suddenly being unable to initiate movement, but this term is not used to describe the overall slowness of movement that affects swallowing, facial expression, and general coordination. Freezing is episodic, not a global slowing of movement.

Pill-rolling refers to the classic resting tremor seen in Parkinson’s disease, where the patient appears to roll a small object between their thumb and forefinger. This tremor does not explain slow movement or reduced facial expression.

Akinesia refers to an absence of movement or difficulty initiating movement. While related to Parkinson’s symptoms, it does not describe the slowed execution of movement that affects multiple functions, such as swallowing and facial expression.

While the grilled cheese is soft, the apple slices require significant chewing, increasing the risk of choking or aspiration. Patients with Parkinson’s disease often have oropharyngeal dysphagia, making hard, crunchy foods unsafe.

Tacos, especially with a shell or tortilla, require complex chewing and strong jaw coordination. Even soft tortillas can be difficult to manage for someone with impaired chewing and swallowing. Refried beans are soft, but the taco itself makes the meal inappropriate.

Baked chicken is often dry and difficult to chew, and bacon is tough or crispy, both of which significantly increase aspiration risk. These foods require effective mastication, which is impaired in Parkinson’s disease.

Exenatide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist used for long-term glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. It enhances insulin secretion and suppresses glucagon release in response to meals. Administering exenatide in a hypoglycemic client would worsen the hypoglycemia, potentially leading to seizures or death. It is not an emergency treatment for low blood sugar.

Metformin is an oral antidiabetic agent that decreases hepatic glucose production and increases peripheral insulin sensitivity. It does not raise blood glucose levels and therefore cannot correct hypoglycemia. Giving metformin to a hypoglycemic patient would be ineffective and potentially dangerous because it delays urgent correction of low glucose.

Glipizide is a sulfonylurea that stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. Administering it to a patient who is already hypoglycemic would further lower blood glucose, exacerbating the emergency situation and increasing the risk of seizures, coma, or death. It is contraindicated in acute hypoglycemia.

Planned short naps (20–30 minutes) can improve energy levels and cognitive function in patients with MS. Forbidding naps can lead to increased daytime sleepiness, decreased alertness, and overall worsening of fatigue, which negatively affects quality of life. Fatigue management focuses on energy conservation, not restricting rest.

Heat exposure can temporarily worsen MS symptoms through Uhthoff’s phenomenon, including fatigue, blurred vision, weakness, and numbness. Hot baths or showers may increase core body temperature, leading to transient worsening of fatigue and other neurologic symptoms. Cool or lukewarm water is generally recommended instead.

Cyclobenzaprine is a centrally acting muscle relaxant used to relieve skeletal muscle spasms. It does not address fatigue in MS and can cause sedation, dizziness, or lethargy, which may actually worsen fatigue. Fatigue management in MS relies on energy conservation strategies, activity pacing, and environmental modifications, not pharmacologic muscle relaxants.

This is correct understanding. Glyburide, a sulfonylurea, can interact with alcohol to cause severe hypoglycemia or a disulfiram-like reaction. Complete avoidance of alcohol is recommended, so this statement shows proper comprehension.

Alcohol can enhance the hypoglycemic effects of glyburide, leading to symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting. The client recognizing this risk demonstrates understanding of medication-alcohol interactions.

Alcohol can potentiate the blood-glucose-lowering effects of glyburide by inhibiting gluconeogenesis, increasing the risk of hypoglycemia. This statement shows the client understands the potential danger.

"Test my blood sugar regularly" is correct understanding. During illness, blood glucose can fluctuate widely due to stress hormones, infection, or decreased appetite. Frequent monitoring (every 3–4 hours) is essential for preventing hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). This statement shows proper understanding.

Insulin should never be skipped, even if the patient is unable to eat, because omitting insulin in Type 1 Diabetes can lead to rapid development of hyperglycemia and DKA. This demonstrates correct knowledge of sick-day management.

High blood glucose increases the risk of ketone production. Checking urine or blood ketones helps detect early DKA, allowing timely intervention. This shows appropriate understanding of sick-day monitoring and complication prevention.

Baclofen is a centrally acting muscle relaxant used to treat spasticity in MS, not fatigue. While it reduces muscle stiffness, it can cause sedation and weakness, which may worsen fatigue rather than improve it.

Tizanidine is also a muscle relaxant for spasticity management. Like baclofen, it can lead to drowsiness, hypotension, and generalized weakness, making it unsuitable for treating fatigue in MS.

Dantrolene is a peripherally acting muscle relaxant used for severe spasticity or muscle rigidity. It works by reducing calcium release in muscle fibers, but it does not treat fatigue and may also cause generalized weakness, which could worsen functional limitations in MS patients.