Review ATI LPN Med Surg test 1 jj Custom

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ATI LPN Med Surg test 1 jj Custom

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Total Questions : 49

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Question 1:

A nurse is researching data about best practice for reducing medication errors on a surgical unit. Which of the following steps of evidence based practice (EBP) is the nurse taking?

A. Evaluating the collected data B. Implementing recommendations C. identifying a problem D. Searching for credible sources

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Evaluating the collected data:This step in EBP involves assessing and analyzing the data that has been gathered through research or other sources. It includes examining the quality, relevance, and reliability of the data to determine its applicability to the clinical question or problem being addressed. Evaluation of data is crucial in EBP to ensure that decisions and interventions are based on sound evidence.

Choice B:

Implementing recommendations:Implementing recommendations is a later step in EBP that comes after evaluating the evidence. Once credible sources have been identified, and the data has been analyzed, recommendations or interventions based on the best available evidence are put into practice. This step involves applying evidence-based guidelines, protocols, or interventions to patient care to improve outcomes and quality of care.

Choice C:

Identifying a problem:This is the initial step in the EBP process where a specific clinical problem or question is identified. It involves recognizing gaps in knowledge, areas of uncertainty, or issues that require improvement in clinical practice. Identifying a problem is essential as it sets the stage for formulating focused research questions and seeking relevant evidence to address the problem effectively.

Choice D:

Searching for credible sources:Searching for credible sources is a critical step in EBP where healthcare professionals gather evidence from reputable and reliable sources. This includes conducting literature searches, accessing databases, and reviewing published studies, clinical guidelines, systematic reviews, and other scholarly sources. The goal is to find the best available evidence to answer clinical questions, guide decision-making, and inform evidence-based practice.

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Question 2:

A newly hired nurse asks a charge nurse what safety measures are in place to prevent diversion of controlled substances on the unit. Which of the following statements should the charge nurse make?(Select All that Apply.)

A. "We use an automated dispensing device to track the use of controlled substances." B. "You are required to have a second nurse witness disposal of a controlled substance." C. “If a client refuses a medication, you can place it in your pocket to administer later." D. "Activities of the automated dispensing machine will be reviewed periodically." E. "We count the amount of a controlled substance available before removal from a medication drawer.”

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

"We use an automated dispensing device to track the use of controlled substances."This is a valid statement. Automated dispensing devices (ADDs) help track the use of controlled substances by requiring users to log in, record transactions, and provide an audit trail of medication access.

Choice B:

"You are required to have a second nurse witness disposal of a controlled substance."Having a second nurse witness disposal of controlled substances is a common practice to ensure accountability and prevent diversion. This statement aligns with safety protocols.

Choice C:

“If a client refuses a medication, you can place it in your pocket to administer later."This statement is incorrect and potentially dangerous. Controlled substances should never be pocketed or carried around for later administration, as this increases the risk of diversion and compromises medication safety.

Choice D:

"Activities of the automated dispensing machine will be reviewed periodically."Reviewing the activities of the automated dispensing machine is an essential part of medication safety and helps detect any discrepancies or irregularities in medication access and administration.

Choice E:

"We count the amount of a controlled substance available before removal from a medication drawer."Counting the amount of controlled substances before removal from a medication drawer is a standard procedure to ensure accurate inventory management and detect any discrepancies or losses promptly.

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Question 3:

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about delegation with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements if made by the newly licensed nurse indicates understanding?

A. "There are 4 rights of delegation." B. “The nurse manager is responsible for delegating nursing tasks during each shift." C. "It is the duty of the delegatee to perform a task without asking questions when it is delegated." D. “I am responsible for ensuring that a delegated task is completed."

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

"There are 4 rights of delegation."This statement is not entirely accurate. Delegation involves several principles, including the right task, right circumstances, right person, right direction/communication, and right supervision/evaluation. Therefore, simply stating "4 rights" does not fully encompass the principles of delegation.

Choice B:

“The nurse manager is responsible for delegating nursing tasks during each shift."This statement is incorrect. While the nurse manager may have oversight and authority regarding delegation policies and procedures, it is typically the responsibility of the delegating nurse (the one assigning tasks) to delegate appropriate tasks to qualified individuals based on their competency and scope of practice.

Choice C:

"It is the duty of the delegatee to perform a task without asking questions when it is delegated."This statement is not accurate and could lead to misunderstandings or errors. Effective delegation involves clear communication, which includes the opportunity for the delegatee to ask questions if they are unsure about any aspect of the delegated task. Encouraging questions helps ensure that the task is understood and performed safely and appropriately.

Choice D:

“I am responsible for ensuring that a delegated task is completed."This statement demonstrates understanding of delegation principles. The delegating nurse (the one assigning tasks) is indeed responsible for ensuring that delegated tasks are appropriate, communicated effectively, and completed according to established standards. This includes providing necessary guidance, supervision, and follow-up to ensure task completion and quality of care.

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Question 4:

A nurse's sibling had a diagnostic test at the nurse's facility. The sibling asks the nurse to look up the result in the computer. The nurse should identify which of the following as the reason for her decision about her sibling's request?

A. It is not permissible because the provider should disclose laboratory results or findings to a client. B. It is not permissible because there is no nurse-client relationship between the sibling and nurse. C. It is permissible because the sibling has paid for the service. D. It is permissible because the client's sibling made the request.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

It is not permissible because the provider should disclose laboratory results or findings to a client.This statement is not accurate in this context. While it is true that healthcare providers are responsible for disclosing test results to clients, this responsibility is typically limited to the provider-patient relationship, not to family members of healthcare workers.

Choice B:

It is not permissible because there is no nurse-client relationship between the sibling and nurse.This is the correct choice. In healthcare ethics and legal standards, privacy and confidentiality are essential. The nurse has a duty to maintain the confidentiality of patient information, and this duty extends to family members of patients. Since there is no official nurse-client relationship between the nurse and her sibling, accessing the sibling's diagnostic test results would violate the privacy and confidentiality rights of the sibling.

Choice C:

It is permissible because the sibling has paid for the service.Payment for services does not override the principles of confidentiality and privacy in healthcare. Even if the sibling has paid for the service, it does not grant the nurse permission to access the sibling's medical information without proper authorization.

Choice D:

It is permissible because the client's sibling made the request.The fact that the sibling made the request does not automatically make it permissible for the nurse to access the diagnostic test results. Confidentiality and privacy considerations are paramount in healthcare, and access to patient information is typically restricted to authorized individuals involved in the patient's care.

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Question 5:

A nurse is assisting with teaching a class on ethical principles. The nurse should include that protecting a client's safety by not causing harm refers to which of the following ethical principles?

A. Nonmaleficence B. Fidelity C. Beneficence D. Justice

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Nonmaleficence: This ethical principle emphasizes the duty of healthcare professionals to avoid causing harm to patients. It involves refraining from actions that could potentially harm the patient, whether physical, emotional, psychological, or social. Nonmaleficence is about acting in a way that promotes the well-being and safety of patients and avoiding actions that could result in harm or injury.

Choice B:

Fidelity: Fidelity pertains to the faithfulness, loyalty, and honoring of commitments and promises made to patients. It involves maintaining trust and being truthful in interactions with patients.

Choice C:

Beneficence: Beneficence involves the obligation to do good and promote the well-being of patients. It includes actions aimed at benefiting patients, such as providing effective treatments, interventions, and support to improve their health outcomes and quality of life.

Choice D:

Justice: Justice relates to fairness and equality in healthcare. It involves the fair distribution of resources, allocation of care, and treatment decisions without discrimination or bias, ensuring that all patients receive equitable care based on their needs and circumstances.

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Question 6:

A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about the effects of spirituality for clients who are near the end of life. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

A. Spirituality can increase feelings of hopelessness. B. Spirituality can increase the desire to hasten death. C. Spirituality can increase depression. D. Spirituality can increase the quality of life.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Spirituality can increase feelings of hopelessness.This statement is generally incorrect. Spirituality often provides individuals with a sense of purpose, meaning, and hope, especially during challenging times such as facing the end of life. It can offer comfort, guidance, and a sense of connection to something greater than oneself, which can alleviate feelings of hopelessness.

Choice B:

Spirituality can increase the desire to hasten death.This statement is not typically true. For many individuals, spirituality provides a source of strength, resilience, and peace, which can help them cope with the end-of-life process without necessarily increasing the desire to hasten death. Spirituality often encourages acceptance, inner peace, and a focus on finding meaning in life's experiences, including the end of life.

Choice C:

Spirituality can increase depression.While spirituality can be a source of support and coping for individuals near the end of life, it is not accurate to say that it increases depression. In fact, spirituality can often provide comfort, solace, and a sense of connection that may help reduce feelings of depression and promote emotional well-being.

Choice D:

Spirituality can increase the quality of life.This statement is correct. Many studies and anecdotal evidence suggest that spirituality plays a significant role in enhancing the quality of life for individuals facing the end of life. It can provide comfort, peace, meaning, and a sense of connection with others, one's beliefs, and the universe, contributing to overall well-being and quality of life.

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Question 7:

A nurse's inadvertent medication error results in a severe allergic reaction and prolongs the client's hospitalization. The client could rightfully sue the nurse for which of the following?

A. Battery B. Assault C. Abuse D. Malpractice

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Battery: Battery refers to intentional harmful or offensive touching without consent. In the context of healthcare, it usually involves physical contact or procedures performed without the patient's consent. An inadvertent medication error, even if it causes harm, does not typically constitute battery unless there was an intentional act of administering the wrong medication against the patient's will.

Choice B:

Assault: Assault is the threat of harmful or offensive contact. It involves creating a reasonable apprehension of imminent harmful or offensive contact in the patient's mind. An inadvertent medication error, while it may cause harm, does not typically constitute assault unless there was an intentional threat of harm made to the patient.

Choice C:

Abuse: Abuse involves the intentional mistreatment or harm of another person. An inadvertent medication error is not considered abuse unless there was an intentional act to harm the patient.

Choice D:

Malpractice: Malpractice refers to professional negligence or failure to provide the standard of care expected in a particular profession, such as nursing. In the scenario described, the inadvertent medication error resulting in a severe allergic reaction and prolonging the client's hospitalization could be considered a case of malpractice. The nurse failed to meet the standard of care expected in administering medications safely, leading to harm to the patient.

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Question 8:

A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about the steps of critical thinking. The nurse should include that interpreting data is included in which of the following steps?

A. Questioning B. Creativity C. Analysis D. Intuition

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Questioning: This step involves asking relevant questions to gather information and clarify understanding. It's about exploring the problem or situation, identifying key issues, and seeking information to guide decision-making and problem-solving.

Choice B:

Creativity: This step involves generating new ideas, solutions, or perspectives to address a problem or situation. It often involves thinking outside the box, considering alternative approaches, and fostering innovation in problem-solving.

Choice C:

Analysis: This step involves examining and evaluating information, data, or evidence to understand its meaning, relevance, and implications. It includes breaking down complex information into manageable parts, identifying patterns or relationships, and drawing conclusions based on evidence.

Choice D:

Intuition: This step involves relying on gut feelings, instincts, or hunches to guide decision-making or problem-solving. While intuition can be a valuable aspect of critical thinking, it is not specifically focused on interpreting data but rather on using intuitive insights in combination with other critical thinking skills.

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Question 9:

A nurse is preparing an in-service about evidence-based practice (EBP). Which of the following information should the nurse include about peer-reviewed sources of information?

A. Open access peer-reviewed articles must be purchased by the user. B. Peer-reviewed articles are not considered scholarly sources of evidence. C. Editorial opinion articles by journalists can be as relevant as peer-reviewed articles. D. Peer-reviewed articles have been through laborious review by other professionals.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Open access peer-reviewed articles must be purchased by the user.This statement is not accurate. Open access peer-reviewed articles are freely available to users without the need for purchase. They are published under an open access model, making them accessible to anyone with an internet connection.

Choice B:

Peer-reviewed articles are not considered scholarly sources of evidence.This statement is incorrect. Peer-reviewed articles are indeed considered scholarly sources of evidence. They undergo a rigorous peer-review process where experts in the field review the content for accuracy, validity, and reliability before publication.

Choice C:

Editorial opinion articles by journalists can be as relevant as peer-reviewed articles.This statement is generally not accurate in the context of evidence-based practice. While editorial opinion articles may offer valuable insights and perspectives, they are not subjected to the same level of scrutiny and review as peer-reviewed articles. Peer-reviewed articles are typically considered more reliable and credible sources of evidence in healthcare and academic settings.

Choice D:

Peer-reviewed articles have been through laborious review by other professionals.This statement is correct. Peer-reviewed articles undergo a thorough review process by other professionals in the same field before they are accepted for publication. This review process ensures that the research and information presented in the article meet high standards of quality, accuracy, and validity.

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Question 10:

A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client to an acute mental health unit following a suicide attempt. The client has a history of depression, substance abuse, and anorexia nervosa. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

A. Administer the Hamilton depression scale. B. Make a contract with the client for weight gain. C. Review the client's toxicology laboratory report. D. Initiate one-to-one nursing observation.

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Administer the Hamilton depression scale:The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale is a tool used to assess the severity of depression symptoms in individuals. While assessing the client's depression level is an important aspect of mental health assessment, it is not the immediate priority in this scenario. The client has been admitted following a suicide attempt, indicating an acute risk to their safety. Therefore, the priority at this stage is to ensure the client's safety and prevent any further harm or attempts at self-harm.

Choice B:

Make a contract with the client for weight gain:Making a contract with the client for weight gain, especially in the context of anorexia nervosa, may be an important aspect of the client's overall treatment plan. However, in this scenario, the client's immediate safety takes precedence. The client has a history of depression, substance abuse, and anorexia nervosa, and the primary concern at admission is to prevent any further self-harm or suicide attempts.

Choice C:

Review the client's toxicology laboratory report:Reviewing the client's toxicology laboratory report is important for understanding any recent substance abuse and its potential impact on the client's physical and mental health. However, while this information is relevant to the client's overall care, it is not the first action to take upon admission. The immediate priority is to ensure the client's safety and provide appropriate monitoring and intervention to prevent further harm.

Choice D:

Initiate one-to-one nursing observation:This is the correct answer. Initiating one-to-one nursing observation means assigning a dedicated nurse to continuously monitor and supervise the client closely. This level of observation is crucial in a situation where there is a history of suicide attempt and ongoing risk of self-harm. One-to-one observation allows for immediate intervention if the client shows signs of distress or attempts to harm themselves, ensuring their safety while they are in the acute mental health unit.

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