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This statement is correct. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that affects how the body uses glucose for energy.

This statement is correct. Regular blood sugar monitoring is important to manage and maintain blood sugar levels within a target range.

This statement is correct. If left uncontrolled, diabetes can lead to various complications, including kidney damage and nerve problems.

This statement is correct. Insulin facilitates the entry of glucose into cells for energy.

This statement is correct. Insulin is produced by the pancreas and released in response to elevated blood sugar levels.

This statement is correct. In type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance occurs, meaning the body's cells become less responsive to the effects of insulin.

This choice is incorrect. Bradycardia and low blood pressure are not classic symptoms of hyperglycemia; they may be associated with other conditions.

This choice is incorrect. Weight gain and increased appetite are not typical symptoms of hyperglycemia; they may be observed in certain situations, but they are not characteristic of uncontrolled diabetes.

This choice is incorrect. Hypoglycemic episodes with confusion are symptoms of low blood sugar, not hyperglycemia.

This choice is incorrect. Family history of type 2 diabetes is a non-modifiable risk factor.

This choice is incorrect. Age over 65 years is a non-modifiable risk factor.

This choice is incorrect. Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic cells is associated with type 1 diabetes, not type 2.

This statement is correct. Regular blood sugar monitoring provides insights into how the body responds to food and medication.

This statement is correct. Blood sugar monitoring is important for preventing both hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic episodes.

This statement is correct. Monitoring blood sugar levels empowers the client to make informed decisions about their diabetes management.

This choice is incorrect. Temporary vision changes may occur due to high blood sugar levels, but it is not a long-term complication.

This choice is incorrect. Frequent hypoglycemic episodes may occur with medication use, but it is not a typical long-term complication of uncontrolled diabetes.

This choice is incorrect. Diarrhea and stomach cramps are not commonly associated with long-term complications of diabetes.

This choice is incorrect. Carbohydrates are an important source of energy and should not be completely avoided. The focus should be on managing portion sizes and making healthy carbohydrate choices.

This choice is incorrect. Consuming high amounts of sugary snacks can lead to blood sugar spikes and is not recommended for individuals with diabetes.

This choice is incorrect. Adequate fluid intake is important for overall health and is not typically restricted in diabetes management.

This choice is incorrect. A large serving of pasta contains complex carbohydrates that may take longer to raise blood sugar levels.

This choice is incorrect. A candy bar may provide a quick source of sugar, but it is often high in added sugars and unhealthy fats.

This choice is incorrect. Alcohol can further lower blood sugar levels and is not recommended for treating hypoglycemia.

This statement is correct. Daily inspection of the feet is important to detect any cuts, sores, or blisters early and prevent complications.

This statement is correct. Wearing comfortable shoes and avoiding high heels helps protect the feet and prevent injuries.

This statement is correct. Moisturizing the feet regularly can help prevent dry skin, which can lead to cracks and potential infections.

This choice is incorrect. Insulin resistance is a characteristic of type 2 diabetes, not type 1.

This choice is incorrect. Type 1 diabetes is not primarily caused by lifestyle factors; it has an autoimmune etiology.

This choice is incorrect. Type 1 diabetes typically develops in childhood or adolescence, not adulthood, and is not associated with insulin resistance.

This choice is incorrect. Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells is characteristic of type 1 diabetes, not type 2.

This choice is incorrect. Increased sensitivity of cells to insulin would result in improved glucose uptake and reduced hyperglycemia.

This choice is incorrect. Excess insulin production by the pancreas is not a typical mechanism in type 2 diabetes.

This choice is incorrect. Insulin promotes glucose uptake into cells, leading to decreased blood sugar levels.

This choice is incorrect. Insulin promotes glycogen synthesis, which stores glucose and reduces blood sugar levels.

This choice is incorrect. Insulin promotes glycogen synthesis, contributing to the storage of glucose and lowering blood sugar levels.

This choice is incorrect. Hypoglycemic episodes are associated with low blood sugar, not prolonged hyperglycemia.

This choice is incorrect. Increased cellular glucose uptake and energy production would not be consequences of prolonged hyperglycemia; rather, hyperglycemia impairs cellular glucose uptake.

This choice is incorrect. Prolonged hyperglycemia leads to insulin resistance, not enhanced insulin sensitivity.

This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus involves insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency, but not the autoimmune destruction of beta cells.

This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy and is not characterized by autoimmune destruction of beta cells.

This choice is incorrect. Secondary diabetes mellitus is caused by other underlying medical conditions or factors and is not primarily characterized by autoimmune destruction of beta cells.

This choice is incorrect. Type 1 diabetes mellitus involves autoimmune destruction of beta cells and an absolute insulin deficiency.

This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy and may involve a combination of insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion.

This choice is incorrect. Secondary diabetes mellitus is caused by other medical conditions or factors, not primarily by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency.

This choice is incorrect. Type 1 diabetes mellitus involves autoimmune destruction of beta cells and is not related to pregnancy.

This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus involves insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency and is not specific to pregnancy.

This choice is incorrect. Secondary diabetes mellitus is caused by other underlying medical conditions or factors and is not specific to pregnancy.

This choice is incorrect. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is primarily caused by autoimmune destruction of beta cells.

This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus involves insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency, often influenced by lifestyle factors.

This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and is not primarily caused by other medical conditions or factors.

This choice is incorrect. Type 1 diabetes mellitus involves autoimmune destruction of beta cells and insulin deficiency.

This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus involves insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency.

This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and is not primarily caused by genetic mutations.

This choice is incorrect. Increased appetite, weight gain, and bloating are not characteristic of diabetes mellitus; rather, diabetes is associated with weight loss despite increased appetite (polyphagia).

This choice is incorrect. Pallor, palpitations, and pain are not specific manifestations of diabetes mellitus.

This choice is incorrect. Panic attacks, paranoia, and paresthesia are not typical clinical manifestations of diabetes mellitus.

This choice is incorrect. Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia are the "three P's" associated with diabetes-related hyperglycemia.

This choice is incorrect. Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are not typically related to long-standing hyperglycemia in diabetes.

This choice is incorrect. Blurred vision and vision loss are manifestations of diabetic retinopathy, a microvascular complication, rather than impaired wound healing.

This choice is incorrect. Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are not typically manifestations of neuropathy in diabetes mellitus.

This choice is incorrect. Blurred vision and vision loss are associated with diabetic retinopathy, a microvascular complication, not nerve damage.

This choice is incorrect. Impaired wound healing and increased susceptibility to infections are related to the effects of hyperglycemia on blood flow and immune function, rather than nerve damage.

This choice is incorrect. Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia are the "three P's" associated with hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus.

This choice is incorrect. Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are not typically associated with blurred or distorted vision.

This choice is incorrect. Impaired wound healing and increased susceptibility to infections are related to the effects of hyperglycemia on blood flow and immune function, rather than visual disturbances.

This choice is incorrect. Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are not directly related to weight loss despite increased appetite.

This choice is incorrect. Impaired wound healing and increased susceptibility to infections are consequences of chronic hyperglycemia, but they are not directly related to weight loss.

This choice is incorrect. Rapid weight gain and bloating are not characteristic manifestations of diabetes mellitus; weight loss is more common.

This choice is incorrect. The fasting blood glucose test measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast and provides information about current glucose levels, not long-term control.

This choice is incorrect. The OGTT measures the body's ability to clear glucose from the blood and is used to diagnose diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance, but it is not typically used for assessing long-term glucose control.

This choice is incorrect. The C-peptide test is used to assess insulin production by the pancreas and is not typically used to assess long-term glucose control.

This choice is incorrect. A fasting blood glucose level of 110 mg/dL is within the normal range.

This choice is incorrect. A fasting blood glucose level of 90 mg/dL is within the normal range.

This choice is incorrect. A fasting blood glucose level of 100 mg/dL is within the normal range.

This choice is incorrect. The fasting blood glucose test measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast and is not specifically used for diagnosing gestational diabetes.

This choice is incorrect. The HbA1c test measures average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months and is not typically used for diagnosing gestational diabetes.

This choice is incorrect. The random blood glucose test measures blood glucose levels at any time and is not specific for diagnosing gestational diabetes.

This choice is incorrect. The fasting blood glucose test measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast and is not specifically used to assess glucose clearance.

This choice is incorrect. The HbA1c test measures average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months and is not specifically used to assess glucose clearance.

This choice is incorrect. The C-peptide test assesses insulin production by the pancreas and is not specifically used to assess glucose clearance.

This choice is incorrect. A random blood glucose level of 90 mg/dL is within the normal range.

This choice is incorrect. A random blood glucose level of 110 mg/dL is within the normal range.

This choice is incorrect. A random blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL is within the normal range

This choice is incorrect. Glipizide is a sulfonylurea medication that stimulates insulin secretion from the pancreas, rather than increasing insulin sensitivity.

This choice is incorrect. Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin analog used for mealtime coverage in insulin therapy.

This choice is incorrect. Exenatide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist that stimulates insulin secretion and suppresses glucagon release, but it does not primarily target insulin sensitivity.

This choice is incorrect. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic medication that primarily improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production.

This choice is incorrect. Insulin glargine is a long-acting basal insulin used in insulin therapy to provide consistent background insulin coverage.

This choice is incorrect. Acarbose is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that delays carbohydrate absorption in the intestines and is used to manage postprandial hyperglycemia.

This choice is incorrect. Metformin primarily improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production.

This choice is incorrect. Glipizide stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells.

This choice is incorrect. Insulin detemir is a long-acting basal insulin used in insulin therapy.

This choice is incorrect. Oral antidiabetic medications are not used in basal-bolus insulin therapy.

This choice is incorrect. Sliding-scale insulin therapy involves adjusting insulin doses based on current blood glucose levels, rather than providing consistent basal and mealtime coverage.

This choice is incorrect. Insulin glargine therapy provides long-acting basal insulin coverage but does not involve bolus doses before meals.

This choice is incorrect. Sliding-scale insulin therapy involves adjusting insulin doses based on current blood glucose levels, without considering other factors such as carbohydrate intake and activity.

This choice is incorrect. Insulin detemir therapy is a form of basal insulin coverage and does not necessarily involve frequent adjustments.

This choice is incorrect. Oral antidiabetic medications are not part of intensive insulin therapy.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication characterized by high blood glucose levels, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic complication that affects the kidneys and can lead to impaired kidney function.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication that affects the blood vessels of the retina and can lead to vision loss.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication characterized by high blood glucose levels, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic complication that affects the kidneys and can lead to impaired kidney function.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication that affects the blood vessels of the retina and can lead to vision loss.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication characterized by high blood glucose levels, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic complication that affects the kidneys and can lead to impaired kidney function.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication characterized by high blood glucose levels, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication that affects the blood vessels of the retina and can lead to vision loss.

This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, rather than autoimmune destruction of beta cells.

This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy and is not characterized by autoimmune destruction of beta cells.

This choice is incorrect. Prediabetes is a precursor to type 2 diabetes and involves impaired glucose tolerance, but it does not result from autoimmune destruction of beta cells.

This choice is incorrect. Glucagon is another pancreatic hormone that increases blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown and glucose release from the liver.

This choice is incorrect. Epinephrine is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that can raise blood glucose levels during times of stress.

This choice is incorrect. Cortisol, also produced by the adrenal glands, can increase blood glucose levels in response to stress and inflammation.

This choice is incorrect. The fasting blood glucose test measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast and provides a snapshot of current glucose levels, rather than long-term control.

This choice is incorrect. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) measures how the body responds to a glucose load and is used to diagnose diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance, rather than monitor long-term control.

This choice is incorrect. The C-peptide test is used to assess insulin production by measuring the level of C-peptide, a byproduct of insulin production.

This choice is incorrect. Fiber intake is important for digestive health and can help stabilize blood glucose levels, but it does not have as direct an impact as carbohydrates.

This choice is incorrect. Protein intake can influence insulin secretion, but it has a more modest effect on blood glucose compared to carbohydrates.

This choice is incorrect. Fat intake affects overall health, but it has a minimal direct impact on blood glucose levels.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic complication that affects the kidneys and can lead to impaired kidney function.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication that affects the blood vessels of the retina and can lead to vision loss.

This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.

This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, but pancreatic beta cells are not completely destroyed.

This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy and is not caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.

This choice is incorrect. Prediabetes is a condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as diabetes. It is not characterized by autoimmune destruction of beta cells.

This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is not characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin secretion as seen in type 1 diabetes.

This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus primarily affects adults, especially those who are older and have risk factors such as obesity and sedentary lifestyle.

This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is not caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells as seen in type 1 diabetes.

This choice is incorrect. A fasting blood glucose level of 70 mg/dL is within the normal range.

This choice is incorrect. A random blood glucose level of 150 mg/dL indicates hyperglycemia, but it is not indicative of prediabetes.

This choice is incorrect. An hemoglobin A1c level of 6.5% or higher is diagnostic of diabetes mellitus, not prediabetes.

This choice is incorrect. GDM typically resolves after childbirth, not after.

This choice is incorrect. GDM is not a rare condition; it affects a significant percentage of pregnant women.

This choice is incorrect. Women with GDM have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, not type 1 diabetes, later in life.

This choice is incorrect. While the kidneys play a role in filtering blood and excreting waste products, they are not primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels.

This choice is incorrect. The lungs are involved in oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange and are not directly involved in blood glucose regulation.

This choice is incorrect. The spleen is involved in immune function and blood filtration, but it does not play a central role in blood glucose regulation.