Review Importance of patient education on medication purpose, dosage, and side effects

Medication Reconciliation and Patient Education > Pharmacology

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Importance of patient education on medication purpose, dosage, and side effects

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Total Questions : 5

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Question 1:

A nurse is teaching a client who has hypertension about the purpose of taking a beta blocker. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

A. "This medication will help lower my blood pressure by dilating my blood vessels." B. "This medication will help lower my blood pressure by slowing down my heart rate."* C. "This medication will help lower my blood pressure by increasing my urine output." D. "This medication will help lower my blood pressure by reducing the fluid in my lungs."

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Is incorrect because beta blockers do not dilate blood vessels.

Choice B:

Beta blockers work by blocking the effects of adrenaline on the heart and blood vessels, which results in a lower heart rate and blood pressure.

Choice C:

Is incorrect because beta blockers do not increase urine output.

Choice D:

Is incorrect because beta blockers do not reduce the fluid in the lungs.

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Question 2:

A nurse is assessing a client who has been taking digoxin for heart failure. Which of the following findings should alert the nurse to a possible digoxin toxicity?

A. Nausea and vomiting B. Bradycardia and dysrhythmias C. Yellow-green halos around lights D. All of the above

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Incorrect. Nausea and vomiting are signs of digoxin toxicity, but not the only ones.

Choice B:

Incorrect. Bradycardia and dysrhythmias are signs of digoxin toxicity, but not the only ones.

Choice C:

Incorrect. Yellow-green halos around lights are signs of digoxin toxicity, but not the only ones.

Choice D:

Correct. All of the above are signs of digoxin toxicity, which can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. The nurse should monitor the client's vital signs, serum digoxin level, serum potassium level, and electrocardiogram, and notify the provider immediately.

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Question 3:

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin patches for angina pectoris. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

A. Apply a new patch every 12 hours. B. Remove the old patch before applying a new one. C. Place the patch on a hairless area of the chest or upper arm. D. All of the above

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Incorrect. Applying a new patch every 12 hours is correct information, but not the only one.

Choice B:

Incorrect. Removing the old patch before applying a new one is correct information, but not the only one.

Choice C:

Incorrect. Placing the patch on a hairless area of the chest or upper arm is correct information, but not the only one.

Choice D:

Correct. All of the above are correct information that the nurse should include in the teaching. The nurse should also instruct the client to rotate the patch sites, store the patches in a cool and dry place, and report any headaches, dizziness, or flushing to their provider.

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Question 4:

A nurse is preparing to administer insulin to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should follow which of the following guidelines when drawing up insulin from a vial?

A. Inject air into the vial equal to the amount of insulin needed. B. Hold the syringe with the needle pointing up and tap it gently to remove air bubbles. C. Check the expiration date and clarity of the insulin before drawing it up. D. All of the above

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Incorrect. Injecting air into the vial equal to the amount of insulin needed is a correct guideline, but not the only one.

Choice B:

Incorrect. Holding the syringe with the needle pointing up and tapping it gently to remove air bubbles is a correct guideline, but not the only one.

Choice C:

Incorrect. Checking the expiration date and clarity of the insulin before drawing it up is a correct guideline, but not the only one.

Choice D:

Correct. All of the above are correct guidelines that the nurse should follow when drawing up insulin from a vial. The nurse should also use an insulin syringe with units that match the insulin concentration, use aseptic technique, and verify the dosage with another nurse before administering it.

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Question 5:

A client is prescribed an antibiotic for a urinary tract infection. The nurse instructs the client to take the medication as directed until it is finished. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

A. "I should drink plenty of fluids while taking this medication." B. "I should stop taking this medication if I develop a rash or hives." C. "I should take this medication with food or milk to prevent stomach upset." D. "I should stop taking this medication when I feel better."*

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

A is correct because drinking fluids can help flush out the bacteria and prevent dehydration.

Choice B:

Is correct because a rash or hives can indicate an allergic reaction to the antibiotic, which requires immediate medical attention.

Choice C:

Is correct because some antibiotics can cause stomach irritation, which can be minimized by taking them with food or milk.

Choice D:

Antibiotics should be taken as prescribed until they are finished, even if the symptoms improve or disappear. This is to ensure that the infection is completely eradicated and to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.

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Importance of patient education on medication purpose, dosage, and side effects

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