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Choice A is wrong because reaching the goal blood pressure depends on many factors, such as the severity of hypertension, the response to medication, and the lifestyle changes of the client. It may take longer than 2 months to achieve optimal blood pressure control.

Choice C is wrong because limiting alcohol consumption to three drinks a day is not enough to prevent or treat hypertension. Alcohol can raise blood pressure by interfering with the effects of medication, stimulating the nervous system, and increasing fluid retention. The recommended limit for alcohol intake is no more than one drink a day for women and two drinks a day for men.

Choice D is wrong because hypertension cannot be cured with medication. Hypertension is a chronic condition that requires lifelong management and monitoring. Medication can help lower blood pressure, but it does not address the underlying causes of hypertension, such as genetics, obesity, stress, or kidney disease. Lifestyle modifications, such as diet, exercise, weight loss, and smoking cessation, are also essential for preventing complications and improving quality of life.

Choice A is wrong because captopril should be taken on an empty stomach, at least one hour before or two hours after meals. Food may decrease the absorption and effectiveness of captopril.

Choice B is wrong because captopril should not be stopped abruptly, even if the blood pressure becomes normal. Stopping captopril suddenly may cause a rebound increase in blood pressure and worsen the condition. Captopril should be taken regularly as prescribed, and only discontinued under the guidance of a health care provider.

Choice D is wrong because captopril should not be taken only when the client has symptoms of high blood pressure. High blood pressure is often asymptomatic, meaning that it does not cause any noticeable signs or symptoms. However, high blood pressure can damage the heart, kidneys, brain, and other organs over time. Therefore, captopril should be taken daily as a preventive measure to lower the risk of complications from high blood pressure.

Choice A is wrong because hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is a diuretic (water pill) that increases the amount of urine produced and excreted by the kidneys. Taking this medication at bedtime may cause frequent urination at night and disrupt the sleep cycle. It is recommended to take HCTZ in the morning or early afternoon.

Choice B is wrong because HCTZ is prescribed to treat high blood pressure (hypertension), which is a chronic condition that requires long-term management. Stopping the medication abruptly may cause a rebound increase in blood pressure and increase the risk of complications such as stroke, heart attack, or kidney failure. The client should continue taking HCTZ as directed by the doctor, even if the blood pressure becomes normal.

Choice C is wrong because a persistent cough is not a common side effect of HCTZ. A cough may be a sign of an allergic reaction, a respiratory infection, or another condition that needs medical attention. HCTZ may cause other side effects such as nausea, dizziness, headache, low blood pressure, low potassium levels, high calcium levels, or skin rash. The client should report any unusual or bothersome symptoms to the doctor.

Choice D is wrong because HCTZ is not a medication that can be taken as needed for symptoms of high blood pressure. High blood pressure often has no symptoms and can damage the blood vessels and organs over time. HCTZ works by reducing the fluid volume and pressure in the blood vessels. It needs to be taken regularly and consistently to maintain its effectiveness and prevent fluctuations in blood pressure. The client should be educated about the purpose, benefits, risks, and instructions of taking HCTZ. The client should also be advised to monitor their blood pressure, weight, fluid intake and output, and electrolyte levels while on this medication. The client should also be counseled about lifestyle modifications such as diet, exercise, stress management, and smoking cessation that can help lower blood pressure and improve overall health.

Bradycardia is wrong because nitroprusside does not affect the heart rate directly.However, bradycardia can occur as a reflex response to hypotension, which is a possible adverse effect of nitroprusside. Therefore, the nurse should also monitor the client’s heart rate and rhythm.

Choice C is wrong because Tachycardia is wrong because nitroprusside does not cause tachycardia directly. However, tachycardia can occur as a compensatory mechanism to hypotension, which is a possible adverse effect of nitroprusside. Therefore, the nurse should also monitor the client’s heart rate and rhythm.

Choice D is wrong because Hypertension is wrong because nitroprusside is used to lower blood pressure, not to raise it. However, hypertension can occur if the infusion is stopped abruptly, which can cause rebound vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure. Therefore, the nurse should taper off the infusion gradually and avoid sudden discontinuation.

Choice A is wrong because nitroglycerin tablets should be kept in a dark, glass bottle to protect them from light, heat, and moisture, which can degrade the drug. The bottle should be tightly closed and labeled with the date of opening.

Choice B is wrong because nitroglycerin tablets can be taken every 5 minutes for up to three doses if chest pain persists. If the pain is not relieved after three doses, the client should call 911 or seek emergency medical attention.

Choice D is wrong because nitroglycerin tablets have a short shelf life and should be replaced every 6 months or as indicated by the manufacturer. The client should check the expiration date and discard any unused tablets after 6 months.

Choice A is wrong because aspirin does not lower blood pressure or reduce cardiac workload. These effects are achieved by other drugs such as beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.

Choice C is wrong because aspirin does not dilate the coronary arteries or increase blood flow to the heart. These effects are achieved by other drugs such as nitrates or calcium channel blockers.

Choice D is wrong because aspirin does not reduce inflammation or pain in the chest. These effects are achieved by other drugs such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or opioids.

Choice A is wrong because prothrombin time (PT) is a test that measures the time it takes for a clot to form in a sample of blood after adding tissue factor. PT is used to monitor warfarin therapy, not heparin therapy. The normal range for PT is 11 to 13 seconds.

Choice B is wrong because international normalized ratio (INR) is a standardized way of reporting the PT results, taking into account the variations in different laboratories and reagents. INR is also used to monitor warfarin therapy, not heparin therapy. The normal range for INR is 0.8 to 1.2.

Choice D is wrong because platelet count is a test that measures the number of platelets in a sample of blood. Platelets are cell fragments that help with blood clotting by sticking together and forming a plug at the site of injury. Platelet count is not directly related to heparin therapy, although heparin can cause a rare but serious adverse effect called heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), which is a drop in platelet count due to an immune reaction that leads to excessive clotting. The normal range for platelet count is 150,000 to 400,000/mm3.