Review Practice Exercise 1

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Practice Exercise 1

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Total Questions : 5

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Question 1:

What is in the posterior cavity of the eye?

A. Zonules B. Cornea C. Aqueous humor D. Vitreous humor

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Zonules: These are suspensory ligaments that attach the lens to the ciliary body. They are not located in the posterior cavity but in the area around the lens.

Choice B:

Cornea: The cornea is part of the anterior segment, forming the transparent dome-shaped surface at the front of the eye.

Choice C:

Aqueous humor: This watery fluid fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the anterior segment, not the posterior cavity.

Choice D:

Vitreous humor: This transparent, jelly-like fluid fills the posterior cavity. It plays a crucial role in maintaining intraocular pressure, supporting the lens, and ensuring that light is properly focused onto the retina.

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Question 2:

What is the function of the sclera?

A. Secrete aqueous humor B. Focus light rays on the retina C. Protective white outer layer of the eyeball D. Photoreceptor cells stimulated in dim environments

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Secrete aqueous humor: This function is performed by the ciliary body, not the sclera.

Choice B:

Focus light rays on the retina: This is the role of the cornea and lens, not the sclera.

Choice C:

Protective white outer layer of the eyeball: The sclera acts as a tough outer coat that maintains the shape of the eye and protects delicate internal structures while serving as a point of attachment for the ocular muscles.

Choice D:

Photoreceptor cells stimulated in dim environments: These are rods in the retina, not part of the sclera.

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Question 3:

The nurse documents PERRLA following assessment of a patient’s eyes. What is one finding that supports this statement?

A. A slightly oval shape of the pupils B. The presence of nystagmus on far lateral gaze C. Dilation of the pupil when a light is shined in the opposite eye D. Constriction of the pupils when an object is brought closer to the eyes

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

A slightly oval shape of the pupils: Pupils should be round in a normal PERRLA finding. An oval pupil may indicate pathology.

Choice B:

The presence of nystagmus on far lateral gaze: Nystagmus is an involuntary eye movement and is not part of a normal PERRLA assessment.

Choice C:

Dilation of the pupil when a light is shined in the opposite eye: This is the opposite of what should occur. Normally, the opposite pupil should also constrict (consensual response).

Choice D:

Constriction of the pupils when an object is brought closer to the eyes: This confirms accommodation, which is part of the PERRLA assessment. It ensures the pupils respond appropriately to focusing demands.

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Question 4:

To determine the presence of corneal abrasions or defects in a patient with an eye injury, what would the nurse provide?

A. A tonometer B. Fluorescein dye C. Pocket penlight D. An ophthalmoscope

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Tonometer: This instrument measures intraocular pressure, typically used to assess for glaucoma, not corneal injury.

Choice B:

Fluorescein dye: This dye highlights corneal defects by staining epithelial breaks. Under blue light, the damaged area glows, confirming abrasions or ulcers.

Choice C:

Pocket penlight: A penlight is useful for assessing pupil reactions but cannot detect corneal abrasions.

Choice D:

An ophthalmoscope: This tool is designed for examining the retina and internal eye structures, not for corneal surface injuries.

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Question 5:

What are possible abnormal assessment findings when assessing the eyelid? Select all that apply

A. Ptosis B. Strabismus C. Blepharitis D. Anisocoria E. Swelling of the pinna

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Ptosis: Drooping of the upper eyelid due to neuromuscular disorders (e.g., myasthenia gravis) or cranial nerve III dysfunction.

Choice B:

Strabismus: Misalignment of the eyes, not an eyelid abnormality.

Choice C:

Blepharitis: Inflammation of the eyelid margins, often caused by infection, seborrheic dermatitis, or dysfunction of meibomian glands.

Choice D:

Anisocoria: Unequal pupil size, an abnormality of the pupils, not the eyelid.

Choice E:

Swelling of the pinna: Refers to the external ear, not related to eyelid assessment.

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Total Questions : 5

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Practice Exercise 1

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