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0.9% Normal Saline:This isotonic solution contains sodium and chloride concentrations close to plasma levels. Administering it to a patient with hypernatremia could exacerbate the elevated serum sodium levels rather than dilute them.

3% Hypertonic Saline:This solution contains a high concentration of sodium and is typically used for hyponatremia, not hypernatremia. Administering it to a hypernatremic patient would dangerously increase serum sodium levels and worsen the condition.

Lactated Ringer’s:
While this isotonic fluid contains electrolytes, including sodium, it is not ideal for treating hypernatremia. It can maintain or even raise serum sodium concentrations, depending on the patient's fluid and electrolyte status.

Infiltration:Infiltration occurs when IV fluid leaks into surrounding tissue, causing swelling, pallor, and coolness. A palpable cord and redness are not characteristic findings.

Speed shock:This is a systemic reaction to rapid IV medication administration, presenting with symptoms like dizziness, chest tightness, and hypotension—not localized inflammation or vein tenderness.

Catheter embolism:
A catheter embolism involves the breakage and migration of a catheter fragment. It may cause acute pain or vascular compromise but does not cause localized redness with a palpable cord.

20G:A 20-gauge catheter is suitable for general IV fluid administration, medications, and blood transfusions but does not support the same flow rate as a 14G. It is not the first choice in a resuscitation scenario.

22G:A 22-gauge catheter is used for smaller or fragile veins, often in pediatric or elderly patients. It is not designed for high-volume infusion and would delay fluid administration in critical situations.

24G:A 24-gauge catheter is the smallest and is used for very small veins, typically in infants. It is unsuitable for rapid fluid resuscitation due to its minimal flow capacity.

Place the patient in a supine position with head elevated:This position does not effectively trap air in the heart and may allow air to move into the pulmonary circulation, increasing the risk of embolism.

Elevate the legs and apply oxygen:While oxygen is appropriate, elevating the legs can worsen the embolism by facilitating air movement toward the heart or lungs. It’s not the primary positioning intervention.

Flush the line and resume infusion:
Flushing the IV line can force more air into the circulation, worsening the situation. The infusion should be immediately stopped, not resumed.

Use a filter needle for each drug:Filter needles are used to prevent particulates during drawing up medication, not to ensure compatibility between drugs during IV administration.

Mix all drugs in the same syringe:Mixing drugs can lead to chemical incompatibilities, precipitation, or toxicity, and is never done without confirmed compatibility.

Administer them simultaneously through a Y-port:
Simultaneous administration without assessing compatibility can result in interactions between drugs, potentially causing clots or inactivation.