Review Tension Headaches And Migraines

Drugs Used for Pain Management > Pharmacology

Exam Review

Tension Headaches And Migraines

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Total Questions : 2

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Question 1:

The emergency department nurse is caring for a client with a migraine headache. Which drug would the nurse anticipate administering to abort the client’s migraine attack?

A. Morphine B. Propranolol (Inderal) C. Ibuprofen (Motrin) D. Sumatriptan (Imitrex)

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Morphine: While it may relieve pain, opioids are not recommended for migraines due to risk of dependency, rebound headaches, and lack of effect on the underlying cause. They are only considered when other therapies fail.

Choice B:

Propranolol (Inderal): This beta-blocker is effective for migraine prophylaxis but not for aborting an acute attack. It reduces the frequency and severity of future migraines rather than treating current symptoms.

Choice C:

Ibuprofen (Motrin): NSAIDs like ibuprofen may help with mild to moderate migraines, but they are not as effective as triptans for severe attacks. They may be used in combination therapy but are not the first-line choice for acute management in this scenario.

Choice D:

Sumatriptan (Imitrex) is a serotonin (5-HT1B/1D) receptor agonist that works by producing cranial vasoconstriction and inhibiting neuropeptide release, both of which are central to stopping migraine pathophysiology. This makes it the most effective drug among the options for aborting an acute migraine attack. Patients typically experience rapid relief of headache pain and associated symptoms, which confirms its role as the treatment of choice.Rationale for incorrect answers:

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Question 2:

A patient is having a migraine attack. The nurse should know that which drugs are used to treat migraine attacks?

A. Triptans B. Anticonvulsants C. Tricyclic antidepressants D. Beta-adrenergic blockers

Answer and Explanation

Choice A:

Triptans:These drugs (e.g., sumatriptan, rizatriptan) are first-line therapy for acute migraine attacks. They act as serotonin (5-HT1B/1D) receptor agonists, producing cranial vasoconstriction and reducing neuropeptide release, which alleviates pain and associated symptoms like nausea and photophobia.Rationale for incorrect answers:

Choice B:

Anticonvulsants:Agents like valproate and topiramate are used for migraine prevention, not for aborting acute attacks.

Choice C:

Tricyclic antidepressants:
Drugs such as amitriptyline are prescribed for prophylaxis of chronic migraines but are ineffective during an active attack.

Choice D:

Beta-adrenergic blockers:Propranolol and similar drugs are also preventive agents for frequent migraines, not abortive therapy.

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Exam Review

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Tension Headaches And Migraines

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